WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.770 align:middle line:90% But anyway we're back to-- 00:00:03.770 --> 00:00:06.380 align:middle line:90% I was quite surprised to-- 00:00:06.380 --> 00:00:08.250 align:middle line:90% so he's in New York. 00:00:08.250 --> 00:00:13.750 align:middle line:84% He's learning to be a diplomat, cultural attache. 00:00:13.750 --> 00:00:16.450 align:middle line:84% And he wrote this poem, which is very 00:00:16.450 --> 00:00:19.480 align:middle line:84% much in the style of his earliest poems 00:00:19.480 --> 00:00:23.860 align:middle line:84% which were influenced by French poetry by Mallarmé and Valerie. 00:00:23.860 --> 00:00:26.560 align:middle line:84% Symbolic landscapes, I don't completely 00:00:26.560 --> 00:00:28.270 align:middle line:90% understand this poem. 00:00:28.270 --> 00:00:31.780 align:middle line:84% And when you're doing this kind of translating 00:00:31.780 --> 00:00:35.830 align:middle line:84% not with him, there-- but with a scholar friend, 00:00:35.830 --> 00:00:38.980 align:middle line:84% we just shrug and just try to translate it literally. 00:00:38.980 --> 00:00:42.460 align:middle line:84% Tell you as exactly as we can, what we can. 00:00:42.460 --> 00:00:44.650 align:middle line:90% Two Men in Rome-- 00:00:44.650 --> 00:00:47.620 align:middle line:84% the other thing I should say is he 00:00:47.620 --> 00:00:50.680 align:middle line:84% had translated Eliot's Burnt Norton. 00:00:50.680 --> 00:00:54.610 align:middle line:84% The first of the four quartets in which 00:00:54.610 --> 00:00:58.900 align:middle line:84% in the middle of that violence, the bombing of London, Eliot 00:00:58.900 --> 00:01:02.910 align:middle line:84% writes about the still point of the turning world. 00:01:02.910 --> 00:01:06.030 align:middle line:84% The meditative place, if it exists, 00:01:06.030 --> 00:01:10.400 align:middle line:84% in which you can step outside time. 00:01:10.400 --> 00:01:15.830 align:middle line:84% Milosz was in those years was a sort of Hegelian Marxist, 00:01:15.830 --> 00:01:19.550 align:middle line:84% not inclined to think that you could step outside of time. 00:01:19.550 --> 00:01:23.060 align:middle line:84% But he repeats Eliot's phrase in this poem. 00:01:23.060 --> 00:01:26.810 align:middle line:84% And the Cardinal in this poem is a prince of the church, not 00:01:26.810 --> 00:01:30.470 align:middle line:90% an American bird. 00:01:30.470 --> 00:01:34.640 align:middle line:84% Darkness and-- Milosz had been in Rome once 00:01:34.640 --> 00:01:37.940 align:middle line:90% for a couple of weeks, in 1937. 00:01:37.940 --> 00:01:42.760 align:middle line:84% So this is a guy at a desk in New York writing a poem. 00:01:42.760 --> 00:01:45.580 align:middle line:84% Darkness begins at Castle San Angelo, 00:01:45.580 --> 00:01:50.590 align:middle line:84% at the globe's still point, where the Tiber unravels time. 00:01:50.590 --> 00:01:56.140 align:middle line:84% The fading earth, touched by wind, breathes among the ashes. 00:01:56.140 --> 00:01:58.510 align:middle line:84% One can hear the rustling of a lizard, 00:01:58.510 --> 00:02:03.600 align:middle line:84% the scurrying of a mouse, and the weeping of the world. 00:02:03.600 --> 00:02:06.690 align:middle line:84% As long as the blood flows in the human body 00:02:06.690 --> 00:02:10.199 align:middle line:84% and is alive with the love of other bodies, 00:02:10.199 --> 00:02:13.650 align:middle line:84% it's possible to live in joy or despair. 00:02:13.650 --> 00:02:16.410 align:middle line:84% But when the abstract void of the Earth 00:02:16.410 --> 00:02:20.460 align:middle line:84% appears, and the time of farewell draws near, 00:02:20.460 --> 00:02:26.840 align:middle line:84% the smell of leaves, the shape of clouds, mean nothing. 00:02:26.840 --> 00:02:31.700 align:middle line:84% My coat of royal purple won't save my wrinkled hand. 00:02:31.700 --> 00:02:35.750 align:middle line:84% The pulse of time beats slowly in me now, 00:02:35.750 --> 00:02:38.960 align:middle line:84% and the quick and the dead give their one speech 00:02:38.960 --> 00:02:42.970 align:middle line:90% now, and for all time to come. 00:02:42.970 --> 00:02:45.790 align:middle line:84% I've heard the demand to feel pity, 00:02:45.790 --> 00:02:48.880 align:middle line:84% but I can't summon the pity required. 00:02:48.880 --> 00:02:52.420 align:middle line:84% In our small lives, it's no more than a five-minute 00:02:52.420 --> 00:02:55.450 align:middle line:84% walk from a child's cradle to the grave. 00:02:55.450 --> 00:02:58.900 align:middle line:84% So why should I feel pity for those who perish? 00:02:58.900 --> 00:03:03.100 align:middle line:84% Carry those small lives tenderly in the palm of my hand? 00:03:03.100 --> 00:03:08.410 align:middle line:84% In the great twilight, bent over the first cause, 00:03:08.410 --> 00:03:13.120 align:middle line:84% I quelled the pain in me and extinguished the delight. 00:03:13.120 --> 00:03:17.950 align:middle line:84% At the globe's still point, where nothing changes, 00:03:17.950 --> 00:03:23.590 align:middle line:84% there is a different compassion of a humankind, begun there 00:03:23.590 --> 00:03:27.610 align:middle line:84% where the power of memory ends in the great shining 00:03:27.610 --> 00:03:31.440 align:middle line:90% quiet of the still point. 00:03:31.440 --> 00:03:36.360 align:middle line:84% And then there's a set of stanzas in italics. 00:03:36.360 --> 00:03:39.120 align:middle line:84% The clatter of sandals in the dark, 00:03:39.120 --> 00:03:43.470 align:middle line:84% one striking on a mandolin, lengthening and fading. 00:03:43.470 --> 00:03:48.180 align:middle line:84% Song of a soldier dreaming of Brooklyn, and the smell of mold 00:03:48.180 --> 00:03:50.010 align:middle line:90% from the river. 00:03:50.010 --> 00:03:52.830 align:middle line:84% Let's go under the shadow of the colonnade, 00:03:52.830 --> 00:03:55.590 align:middle line:84% where the fountain repeats its ancient motion. 00:03:55.590 --> 00:04:00.780 align:middle line:84% Where on the stones in the weak moonlight, shapes of earth 00:04:00.780 --> 00:04:02.850 align:middle line:90% appear having been summoned. 00:04:02.850 --> 00:04:07.350 align:middle line:84% An invisible theater floating in the air and a lively song 00:04:07.350 --> 00:04:08.910 align:middle line:90% gathered from the summer night. 00:04:08.910 --> 00:04:11.940 align:middle line:90% Ta ta a da ta da. 00:04:11.940 --> 00:04:16.290 align:middle line:84% A Cardinal, looking on, pinches his ring. 00:04:16.290 --> 00:04:20.700 align:middle line:84% Beside him stands his shadow in cape and cowl. 00:04:20.700 --> 00:04:26.160 align:middle line:84% They are solitary onlookers in the darkness 00:04:26.160 --> 00:04:32.480 align:middle line:84% and the live rise and fall of song and back to Roman 00:04:32.480 --> 00:04:35.030 align:middle line:90% type for this set of stanzas. 00:04:35.030 --> 00:04:38.720 align:middle line:84% A poet of this epoch can't bear his face 00:04:38.720 --> 00:04:42.650 align:middle line:84% because the creases drawn by terror would be revealed. 00:04:42.650 --> 00:04:46.430 align:middle line:84% And in the moonlight, he cut the clenched teeth. 00:04:46.430 --> 00:04:49.550 align:middle line:84% The sneer, the intricate music of words 00:04:49.550 --> 00:04:52.280 align:middle line:84% does not serve him as it served poets 00:04:52.280 --> 00:04:54.800 align:middle line:90% who aim to express ecstasy. 00:04:54.800 --> 00:05:00.230 align:middle line:84% He thinks coldly, he calculates the distance to a clearing. 00:05:00.230 --> 00:05:04.100 align:middle line:84% His dwelling has an echo in the mold of old fountains. 00:05:04.100 --> 00:05:08.360 align:middle line:84% In intermittent sighs, in rust, in a useless 00:05:08.360 --> 00:05:12.680 align:middle line:84% pen, and everything is both simultaneous and stopped. 00:05:12.680 --> 00:05:16.880 align:middle line:84% A second can open in him a spewing wound, his century, 00:05:16.880 --> 00:05:20.480 align:middle line:84% the sound of his shell at the bottom of the sea. 00:05:20.480 --> 00:05:23.900 align:middle line:84% Caught between contradiction and contradiction, 00:05:23.900 --> 00:05:26.330 align:middle line:90% he produces a new choice. 00:05:26.330 --> 00:05:29.390 align:middle line:84% And what he chooses is never what it should have been. 00:05:29.390 --> 00:05:32.400 align:middle line:84% Thunder in one's hand, and in the valley 00:05:32.400 --> 00:05:35.340 align:middle line:84% the roar of the forest, a man falling 00:05:35.340 --> 00:05:38.130 align:middle line:84% into his cemetery in the rocks and nothing 00:05:38.130 --> 00:05:41.890 align:middle line:84% remains or something, and always too little. 00:05:41.890 --> 00:05:47.040 align:middle line:84% A memory postponed to the last hour, an unnamed memory. 00:05:47.040 --> 00:05:49.020 align:middle line:90% Forbidden to himself. 00:05:49.020 --> 00:05:52.950 align:middle line:84% Pearls of childish tears in an avenue of maples, 00:05:52.950 --> 00:05:55.410 align:middle line:84% at dawn on the shores of lake smoking 00:05:55.410 --> 00:06:01.090 align:middle line:84% rushes and deeds, our sad human deeds. 00:06:01.090 --> 00:06:05.245 align:middle line:84% Then back to the italics, and there's the dancing girl, 00:06:05.245 --> 00:06:08.500 align:middle line:90% ta da ta da ta da. 00:06:08.500 --> 00:06:11.710 align:middle line:84% From the mirrors of the night a timid foot emerges, 00:06:11.710 --> 00:06:17.230 align:middle line:84% and bending down her toes take the first step slowly. 00:06:17.230 --> 00:06:21.430 align:middle line:84% She draws up her knee, and her dark sex is visible. 00:06:21.430 --> 00:06:24.610 align:middle line:84% The mark distinguishing the human dead 00:06:24.610 --> 00:06:28.690 align:middle line:84% from inanimate matter, through the by-gone possibility 00:06:28.690 --> 00:06:30.130 align:middle line:90% of procreation. 00:06:30.130 --> 00:06:34.360 align:middle line:84% It's masked by threads of beads that sway. 00:06:34.360 --> 00:06:37.900 align:middle line:84% She throws her hands upward, and her breasts 00:06:37.900 --> 00:06:40.990 align:middle line:84% with the dark marks from which we sucked, 00:06:40.990 --> 00:06:44.050 align:middle line:84% where we nestled with our deceased mothers, 00:06:44.050 --> 00:06:47.890 align:middle line:84% precede her flight to an invisible star. 00:06:47.890 --> 00:06:52.180 align:middle line:84% Shaggy and sunken faces look at her, motionless. 00:06:52.180 --> 00:06:55.960 align:middle line:84% Millions on millions, chewing on bread crusts 00:06:55.960 --> 00:06:58.330 align:middle line:84% found in the corners of the barracks. 00:06:58.330 --> 00:07:03.850 align:middle line:84% And she soars, fluttering, while suddenly screaming, casting 00:07:03.850 --> 00:07:06.340 align:middle line:84% her arms down, she falls head first 00:07:06.340 --> 00:07:09.760 align:middle line:84% in a quiet burst like a burst of magnesium 00:07:09.760 --> 00:07:15.220 align:middle line:84% onto the stony edge of a disused fountain. 00:07:15.220 --> 00:07:20.630 align:middle line:84% And back to the Roman type, I hear 00:07:20.630 --> 00:07:23.150 align:middle line:84% how laughter and crying rise in that night that 00:07:23.150 --> 00:07:25.400 align:middle line:90% hasn't either beginning or end. 00:07:25.400 --> 00:07:29.640 align:middle line:84% Accursed cardinal, let go of my hand. 00:07:29.640 --> 00:07:33.320 align:middle line:84% Do you want me to stand forever with the memory killed 00:07:33.320 --> 00:07:35.930 align:middle line:84% by that lunatic song, ready to be 00:07:35.930 --> 00:07:40.310 align:middle line:84% embalmed in gilded dust in the smoke of burning aloe? 00:07:40.310 --> 00:07:44.060 align:middle line:84% I know that one pays for that mute staring. 00:07:44.060 --> 00:07:46.880 align:middle line:84% When I was a boy chanting Ovid and dreaming 00:07:46.880 --> 00:07:49.850 align:middle line:84% of laurels on my brow, I was already 00:07:49.850 --> 00:07:52.940 align:middle line:84% swimming out on one of those somber waters, 00:07:52.940 --> 00:07:57.710 align:middle line:84% where a crowd of sad figures is rushing to the incantation. 00:07:57.710 --> 00:07:59.580 align:middle line:90% Yes, I was a witness. 00:07:59.580 --> 00:08:01.910 align:middle line:90% But I was never reconciled. 00:08:01.910 --> 00:08:05.480 align:middle line:84% No one living will tear a scent from my lips. 00:08:05.480 --> 00:08:08.940 align:middle line:84% Any one faithful won't be reconciled. 00:08:08.940 --> 00:08:12.860 align:middle line:84% If your Vatican lies broken, I will keep going, 00:08:12.860 --> 00:08:17.750 align:middle line:84% to bear the windstorm, the aurea aetas, the golden age 00:08:17.750 --> 00:08:20.400 align:middle line:90% from heart to heart. 00:08:20.400 --> 00:08:23.820 align:middle line:84% And at the end, back to the italics. 00:08:23.820 --> 00:08:27.720 align:middle line:84% The clatter of stilts, festive sound, 00:08:27.720 --> 00:08:31.230 align:middle line:84% when the procession of ragged overcoats. 00:08:31.230 --> 00:08:36.330 align:middle line:84% And the whites of eyes, unmoving like the eyes of marble. 00:08:36.330 --> 00:08:40.409 align:middle line:84% When women tied their falling stockings with string, 00:08:40.409 --> 00:08:44.400 align:middle line:84% and bundles were carried by a strap across the forehead. 00:08:44.400 --> 00:08:47.970 align:middle line:84% When old people mourn their final love, 00:08:47.970 --> 00:08:51.150 align:middle line:84% mourned their final love for a wooden doll 00:08:51.150 --> 00:08:52.500 align:middle line:90% or a packet of letters. 00:08:52.500 --> 00:08:55.030 align:middle line:90% 00:08:55.030 --> 00:08:59.040 align:middle line:84% And under that, it says New York City, 1946. 00:08:59.040 --> 00:09:00.000 align:middle line:90%