WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.510 align:middle line:90% 00:00:00.510 --> 00:00:07.470 align:middle line:84% A number of years ago, in fact, when I left Iowa City, 00:00:07.470 --> 00:00:11.010 align:middle line:84% my then wife and I drove in a little Volkswagen, 00:00:11.010 --> 00:00:16.379 align:middle line:84% camping out on the way, hating each other 00:00:16.379 --> 00:00:18.130 align:middle line:84% on a five-day trip to Portland, Oregon, 00:00:18.130 --> 00:00:19.260 align:middle line:90% where I was going to teach. 00:00:19.260 --> 00:00:21.330 align:middle line:84% This next poem is concerned with that. 00:00:21.330 --> 00:00:23.050 align:middle line:84% A few things you have to know about it. 00:00:23.050 --> 00:00:25.740 align:middle line:84% One is, "Rosebud" is the title of the poem. 00:00:25.740 --> 00:00:27.990 align:middle line:84% That's in reference to the Rosebud Indian Reservation, 00:00:27.990 --> 00:00:31.020 align:middle line:90% in South Dakota. 00:00:31.020 --> 00:00:32.648 align:middle line:84% The Greasy Grass mentioned in the poem 00:00:32.648 --> 00:00:34.440 align:middle line:84% was the Indian name for the Little Bighorn. 00:00:34.440 --> 00:00:36.960 align:middle line:90% 00:00:36.960 --> 00:00:40.560 align:middle line:84% And the Sioux holy man who's mentioned in the poem 00:00:40.560 --> 00:00:42.420 align:middle line:84% is Black Elk. Who some of you probably 00:00:42.420 --> 00:00:44.686 align:middle line:84% know of from the book Black Elk Speaks. 00:00:44.686 --> 00:00:48.420 align:middle line:90% 00:00:48.420 --> 00:00:51.920 align:middle line:90% "Rosebud" 00:00:51.920 --> 00:00:54.650 align:middle line:84% There's a place in Montana where the grass stands up 00:00:54.650 --> 00:00:58.130 align:middle line:84% two feet, yellow grass, white grass, 00:00:58.130 --> 00:01:02.930 align:middle line:84% the wind on it like locust wings, and the same shine. 00:01:02.930 --> 00:01:06.530 align:middle line:84% Facing what I think was south, I could see a broad valley 00:01:06.530 --> 00:01:08.810 align:middle line:84% and river, miles into the valley, that 00:01:08.810 --> 00:01:11.960 align:middle line:90% looked black, and then trees. 00:01:11.960 --> 00:01:14.450 align:middle line:84% To the west was more prairie, darker 00:01:14.450 --> 00:01:18.260 align:middle line:84% than where we stood because the clouds covered it. 00:01:18.260 --> 00:01:23.660 align:middle line:84% A long shadow, like the edge of rain racing toward us. 00:01:23.660 --> 00:01:25.730 align:middle line:84% We had been driving all day and the day 00:01:25.730 --> 00:01:29.480 align:middle line:84% before, through South Dakota, along the Rosebud, where 00:01:29.480 --> 00:01:32.300 align:middle line:84% the Sioux are now farmers and go to school 00:01:32.300 --> 00:01:34.670 align:middle line:90% and look like everyone. 00:01:34.670 --> 00:01:37.940 align:middle line:84% In the reservation town, there was a Sioux museum and trading 00:01:37.940 --> 00:01:43.040 align:middle line:84% post, some implements inside, a long bow of shined wood 00:01:43.040 --> 00:01:46.850 align:middle line:84% that lay in its glass case, reflecting light. 00:01:46.850 --> 00:01:49.610 align:middle line:84% The walls were covered with framed photographs. 00:01:49.610 --> 00:01:53.180 align:middle line:84% The Oglala posed in fine dress in front of a few huts, 00:01:53.180 --> 00:01:55.490 align:middle line:90% some horses nearby. 00:01:55.490 --> 00:01:59.510 align:middle line:84% A feeling, even in those photographs the size of a book, 00:01:59.510 --> 00:02:02.210 align:middle line:90% of spaciousness. 00:02:02.210 --> 00:02:04.850 align:middle line:84% I wanted to ask about a Sioux holy man 00:02:04.850 --> 00:02:08.600 align:middle line:84% whose life I had recently read and whose vision had gone 00:02:08.600 --> 00:02:11.840 align:middle line:90% on hopelessly past its time. 00:02:11.840 --> 00:02:14.510 align:middle line:84% I believed then that only a great loss 00:02:14.510 --> 00:02:18.800 align:middle line:84% could make us feel small enough to begin again. 00:02:18.800 --> 00:02:21.770 align:middle line:84% The woman behind the counter talked endlessly on. 00:02:21.770 --> 00:02:24.200 align:middle line:84% There was no difference I could see between us, 00:02:24.200 --> 00:02:26.840 align:middle line:90% so I never asked. 00:02:26.840 --> 00:02:29.210 align:middle line:84% The place in Montana was the Greasy Grass, 00:02:29.210 --> 00:02:33.350 align:middle line:84% where Custer and the 7th Cavalry fell, a last important victory 00:02:33.350 --> 00:02:35.300 align:middle line:90% for the tribes. 00:02:35.300 --> 00:02:38.630 align:middle line:84% We had been driving all day, hypnotized. 00:02:38.630 --> 00:02:42.110 align:middle line:84% And when we get out to enter the small, flat, American tourist 00:02:42.110 --> 00:02:44.780 align:middle line:90% center, we began to argue. 00:02:44.780 --> 00:02:48.620 align:middle line:84% And later, walking between the dry grass and reading plaques, 00:02:48.620 --> 00:02:51.830 align:middle line:90% my wife made an ironic comment. 00:02:51.830 --> 00:02:54.710 align:middle line:84% I believe it hurt the land, not intentionally. 00:02:54.710 --> 00:02:58.070 align:middle line:84% It was only meant to hold us apart. 00:02:58.070 --> 00:03:02.660 align:middle line:84% Later, I read of Benteen and Ross and those who escaped. 00:03:02.660 --> 00:03:04.790 align:middle line:90% But what I felt then was final. 00:03:04.790 --> 00:03:08.540 align:middle line:84% Lying down, face against the warm side of a horse, 00:03:08.540 --> 00:03:14.330 align:middle line:84% and feeling the lulls endlessly, the silences just before death. 00:03:14.330 --> 00:03:17.090 align:middle line:84% The place might stand for death, every loss 00:03:17.090 --> 00:03:20.000 align:middle line:90% rejoined in a wide place. 00:03:20.000 --> 00:03:23.300 align:middle line:84% Or it is rest, as it was after the long drive, 00:03:23.300 --> 00:03:27.020 align:middle line:84% nothing for miles but grass, a valley to the south, 00:03:27.020 --> 00:03:29.450 align:middle line:90% and living in history. 00:03:29.450 --> 00:03:32.870 align:middle line:84% Or it was just a way of living, gone, like our own, 00:03:32.870 --> 00:03:35.390 align:middle line:90% every moment. 00:03:35.390 --> 00:03:38.120 align:middle line:84% Because what I have to do daily and what is done to 00:03:38.120 --> 00:03:41.120 align:middle line:84% me are a number of small indignities. 00:03:41.120 --> 00:03:44.390 align:middle line:84% I have to trust that many things we all say to each other 00:03:44.390 --> 00:03:48.410 align:middle line:84% are not intentional, that every indirect word will accumulate 00:03:48.410 --> 00:03:49.850 align:middle line:90% over the earth. 00:03:49.850 --> 00:03:53.390 align:middle line:84% And now, when we may be approaching something final, 00:03:53.390 --> 00:03:57.500 align:middle line:84% it seems important not to hurt the land. 00:03:57.500 --> 00:03:58.000 align:middle line:90%