WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.990 align:middle line:90% 00:00:00.990 --> 00:00:05.760 align:middle line:84% I have a new book coming out, which is called, Next. 00:00:05.760 --> 00:00:11.280 align:middle line:84% And there are two things to read if I can find them 00:00:11.280 --> 00:00:12.840 align:middle line:90% before I start the poem. 00:00:12.840 --> 00:00:15.048 align:middle line:84% This book was mainly written in-- 00:00:15.048 --> 00:00:17.340 align:middle line:84% there are some older poems in it, but most of the poems 00:00:17.340 --> 00:00:20.190 align:middle line:90% were written in '86 and '87. 00:00:20.190 --> 00:00:22.170 align:middle line:84% I wrote one poem in 1984, which was 00:00:22.170 --> 00:00:25.650 align:middle line:84% the year that my husband of 26 and 1/2 years died. 00:00:25.650 --> 00:00:28.785 align:middle line:84% And the title comes from a play-- 00:00:28.785 --> 00:00:33.060 align:middle line:84% a poem called December Day in Honolulu by Galway Kinnell. 00:00:33.060 --> 00:00:36.720 align:middle line:84% The quote is, this one or that one dies, but never the singer. 00:00:36.720 --> 00:00:40.200 align:middle line:84% One singer falls, but the next steps into the empty place 00:00:40.200 --> 00:00:41.970 align:middle line:90% and sings. 00:00:41.970 --> 00:00:43.800 align:middle line:84% And the dedication which I have-- 00:00:43.800 --> 00:00:47.070 align:middle line:84% I have a friend who said that dedication is much too flip. 00:00:47.070 --> 00:00:50.460 align:middle line:84% But I think he would-- it wasn't dedicated to her, first of all. 00:00:50.460 --> 00:00:52.440 align:middle line:90% And the epigraph is to Fred. 00:00:52.440 --> 00:00:55.080 align:middle line:90% See you later, alligator. 00:00:55.080 --> 00:01:01.110 align:middle line:84% And one section of the book is about people whom I have loved 00:01:01.110 --> 00:01:04.349 align:middle line:84% and who have died and who have died young. 00:01:04.349 --> 00:01:08.010 align:middle line:84% The first person-- and all the poems are in the voices 00:01:08.010 --> 00:01:14.670 align:middle line:84% of the person who has died so that their first person-- 00:01:14.670 --> 00:01:19.140 align:middle line:84% sometimes I can get a feel for someone else's voice. 00:01:19.140 --> 00:01:23.190 align:middle line:84% The first person is Crazy Horse, the Lakota chieftain 00:01:23.190 --> 00:01:25.020 align:middle line:90% who died at 35. 00:01:25.020 --> 00:01:28.830 align:middle line:90% Do you know who Crazy Horse was? 00:01:28.830 --> 00:01:32.430 align:middle line:84% I think I really fell for Crazy Horse 00:01:32.430 --> 00:01:38.880 align:middle line:84% when I realized that he was a small, quirky kind of odd man, 00:01:38.880 --> 00:01:41.130 align:middle line:90% and that's the kind I like. 00:01:41.130 --> 00:01:45.600 align:middle line:84% And the great love of Crazy Horse's life 00:01:45.600 --> 00:01:47.880 align:middle line:90% was not the woman he married. 00:01:47.880 --> 00:01:50.700 align:middle line:84% He married a woman called Black Shawl. 00:01:50.700 --> 00:01:52.560 align:middle line:84% But the great love of his life was a woman 00:01:52.560 --> 00:01:54.990 align:middle line:90% called Black Buffalo Woman. 00:01:54.990 --> 00:01:57.630 align:middle line:90% And I'm from Buffalo, you know? 00:01:57.630 --> 00:01:58.950 align:middle line:90% And so it seems-- 00:01:58.950 --> 00:02:01.550 align:middle line:90% 00:02:01.550 --> 00:02:05.310 align:middle line:84% it seemed like a sign of some sort. 00:02:05.310 --> 00:02:08.430 align:middle line:90% And I believe in signs so-- 00:02:08.430 --> 00:02:11.580 align:middle line:84% so the poems, there are a series of poems about people. 00:02:11.580 --> 00:02:15.090 align:middle line:84% The first of the poems in this group, the people 00:02:15.090 --> 00:02:17.940 align:middle line:84% are, first, Crazy Horse, then my mother 00:02:17.940 --> 00:02:22.350 align:middle line:84% who died at 44 years old, a dear friend of ours who died at 21, 00:02:22.350 --> 00:02:25.530 align:middle line:90% and my husband who died at 49. 00:02:25.530 --> 00:02:28.470 align:middle line:84% And the first poem is the death of so and so, 00:02:28.470 --> 00:02:31.500 align:middle line:84% and it gives the dates and gives the age. 00:02:31.500 --> 00:02:33.180 align:middle line:90% Now about Crazy Horse-- 00:02:33.180 --> 00:02:35.243 align:middle line:84% let's see-- he was a person who would 00:02:35.243 --> 00:02:36.660 align:middle line:84% go into the Black Hills, which was 00:02:36.660 --> 00:02:38.070 align:middle line:90% called the center of the world. 00:02:38.070 --> 00:02:41.340 align:middle line:84% He would become entranced and he believed himself invincible 00:02:41.340 --> 00:02:42.720 align:middle line:90% when he was in a trance. 00:02:42.720 --> 00:02:45.390 align:middle line:84% He was called Crazy Horse not because his horse was crazy, 00:02:45.390 --> 00:02:48.840 align:middle line:84% but because the horse danced et cetera in the dream. 00:02:48.840 --> 00:02:54.240 align:middle line:84% And the best translation that people then could make 00:02:54.240 --> 00:02:57.000 align:middle line:90% was Crazy Horse. 00:02:57.000 --> 00:02:58.830 align:middle line:90% He was a Lakota. 00:02:58.830 --> 00:03:01.170 align:middle line:84% The Sioux nation-- what is called the Sioux nation were 00:03:01.170 --> 00:03:05.160 align:middle line:84% divided into-- were Lakota and Nakota and Dakota, 00:03:05.160 --> 00:03:07.800 align:middle line:90% three groups, language groups. 00:03:07.800 --> 00:03:11.340 align:middle line:84% And now they're all called the Sioux. 00:03:11.340 --> 00:03:14.650 align:middle line:84% And Lakota of course, means us, the human beings, 00:03:14.650 --> 00:03:17.430 align:middle line:84% which is what many Native peoples call themselves. 00:03:17.430 --> 00:03:19.800 align:middle line:90% Anyway, OK. 00:03:19.800 --> 00:03:23.670 align:middle line:84% Wakan Tanka was a great spirit, and this is in his voice. 00:03:23.670 --> 00:03:30.713 align:middle line:84% "the death of crazy horse," 9/5/1877, aged 35. 00:03:30.713 --> 00:03:32.130 align:middle line:84% Oh, another thing I should say was 00:03:32.130 --> 00:03:34.020 align:middle line:84% that the rumor is though people are not sure 00:03:34.020 --> 00:03:38.970 align:middle line:84% where he was buried, his parents took his heart and his bones, 00:03:38.970 --> 00:03:43.680 align:middle line:84% and he had asked that they be buried at Wounded Knee. 00:03:43.680 --> 00:03:45.780 align:middle line:84% And this was before the Wounded Knee battle, 00:03:45.780 --> 00:03:50.420 align:middle line:84% but Crazy Horse could see things, he was a visionary. 00:03:50.420 --> 00:03:52.700 align:middle line:84% In the hills where the hope of the world 00:03:52.700 --> 00:03:56.690 align:middle line:84% bends to the four directions, Wakan Tanka 00:03:56.690 --> 00:04:02.330 align:middle line:84% has shown me the path men walk is a shadow. 00:04:02.330 --> 00:04:07.220 align:middle line:84% I was a boy when I saw it that long hairs and gray beards 00:04:07.220 --> 00:04:12.170 align:middle line:84% and myself must enter the dream to be real. 00:04:12.170 --> 00:04:17.720 align:middle line:84% So I dreamed and I dreamed and I endured. 00:04:17.720 --> 00:04:23.510 align:middle line:84% I am the final war chief, never defeated in battle. 00:04:23.510 --> 00:04:27.650 align:middle line:90% Lakota, remember my name. 00:04:27.650 --> 00:04:30.050 align:middle line:84% Now on this walk, my bones and my heart 00:04:30.050 --> 00:04:32.960 align:middle line:84% are warm in the hands of my father, 00:04:32.960 --> 00:04:35.300 align:middle line:84% Wakan Tanka has shown me the shadows 00:04:35.300 --> 00:04:39.890 align:middle line:84% will break near the creek called Wounded Knee. 00:04:39.890 --> 00:04:42.500 align:middle line:90% Remember my name, Lakota. 00:04:42.500 --> 00:04:45.350 align:middle line:90% I am the final war chief. 00:04:45.350 --> 00:04:49.340 align:middle line:84% Father, my heart, never defeated in battle, father, 00:04:49.340 --> 00:04:52.910 align:middle line:84% my bones, never defeated in battle, 00:04:52.910 --> 00:05:00.140 align:middle line:84% leave them at Wounded Knee and remember our name, Lakota. 00:05:00.140 --> 00:05:02.930 align:middle line:90% I am released from shadow. 00:05:02.930 --> 00:05:10.720 align:middle line:84% My horse dreams and dances under me as I enter the actual world. 00:05:10.720 --> 00:05:12.085 align:middle line:90%