WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.570 align:middle line:84% I can read you some more options, 00:00:02.570 --> 00:00:04.820 align:middle line:84% or I can just start selecting for you if there's any-- 00:00:04.820 --> 00:00:06.860 align:middle line:84% Yes, what would you like to hear? 00:00:06.860 --> 00:00:09.710 align:middle line:90% [INAUDIBLE] biracial experience. 00:00:09.710 --> 00:00:11.810 align:middle line:84% OK, the biracial experience, I would 00:00:11.810 --> 00:00:13.160 align:middle line:90% like to play that for you. 00:00:13.160 --> 00:00:15.290 align:middle line:90% There's two videos. 00:00:15.290 --> 00:00:20.330 align:middle line:84% Actually, there's a ton of stuff around hybridity and biracial 00:00:20.330 --> 00:00:25.325 align:middle line:84% identity, but I will play you one that leads up to it first. 00:00:25.325 --> 00:00:29.800 align:middle line:90% 00:00:29.800 --> 00:00:31.120 align:middle line:90% All right. 00:00:31.120 --> 00:00:33.605 align:middle line:84% I won't-- Well there's only one line. 00:00:33.605 --> 00:00:34.480 align:middle line:90% You'll figure it out. 00:00:34.480 --> 00:00:35.355 align:middle line:90% So I don't need the-- 00:00:35.355 --> 00:00:43.300 align:middle line:90% 00:00:43.300 --> 00:00:45.580 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:45.580 --> 00:00:47.290 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:47.290 --> 00:00:48.790 align:middle line:90% This is a sound of a train. 00:00:48.790 --> 00:00:50.590 align:middle line:90% This is a sound of a train. 00:00:50.590 --> 00:00:52.232 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:52.232 --> 00:00:53.440 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:53.440 --> 00:00:54.130 align:middle line:90% This is a sound of a train. 00:00:54.130 --> 00:00:55.240 align:middle line:90% This is the a sound of a train. 00:00:55.240 --> 00:00:55.750 align:middle line:90% This is a sound of a train. 00:00:55.750 --> 00:00:57.205 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:57.205 --> 00:00:58.240 align:middle line:90% This is the sound train. 00:00:58.240 --> 00:00:58.630 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:58.630 --> 00:00:59.838 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:00:59.838 --> 00:01:01.152 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:01.152 --> 00:01:02.360 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:02.360 --> 00:01:02.920 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:02.920 --> 00:01:03.580 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:03.580 --> 00:01:03.730 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:03.730 --> 00:01:04.840 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:04.840 --> 00:01:05.530 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:05.530 --> 00:01:06.880 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:06.880 --> 00:01:07.713 align:middle line:90% [INTERPOSING VOICES] 00:01:07.713 --> 00:01:08.980 align:middle line:90% This is the sound of a train. 00:01:08.980 --> 00:01:10.120 align:middle line:90% 00:01:10.120 --> 00:01:11.230 align:middle line:90% "This." 00:01:11.230 --> 00:01:14.170 align:middle line:84% At the 2018 conference of the Chinese Railroad Workers 00:01:14.170 --> 00:01:17.770 align:middle line:84% Descendants Association, I take audio recordings of conferees 00:01:17.770 --> 00:01:21.070 align:middle line:84% saying one of three sentences: "This is the sound of a train"; 00:01:21.070 --> 00:01:23.470 align:middle line:84% "We do not ride on the railroad, it rides upon us"; 00:01:23.470 --> 00:01:25.960 align:middle line:84% and "We cannot count all the dead." 00:01:25.960 --> 00:01:29.080 align:middle line:84% These lines are for a video project I am completing. 00:01:29.080 --> 00:01:31.120 align:middle line:84% Those who speak Cantonese, I record 00:01:31.120 --> 00:01:32.920 align:middle line:84% saying the lines in their mother tongue. 00:01:32.920 --> 00:01:35.890 align:middle line:84% I cannot, however, get anyone to approximate the quote from 00:01:35.890 --> 00:01:36.820 align:middle line:90% Thoreau. 00:01:36.820 --> 00:01:38.770 align:middle line:84% There is no way to say this in Chinese, 00:01:38.770 --> 00:01:40.810 align:middle line:90% one man says, shaking his head. 00:01:40.810 --> 00:01:44.120 align:middle line:84% Po Po and Gung Gung, fluent in Cantonese, are not alive. 00:01:44.120 --> 00:01:46.910 align:middle line:84% I cannot ask my mother for a translation. 00:01:46.910 --> 00:01:49.520 align:middle line:84% My mother does not fully comprehend Cantonese, 00:01:49.520 --> 00:01:53.870 align:middle line:84% and I understand, is embarrassed about this among other things. 00:01:53.870 --> 00:01:55.910 align:middle line:84% One afternoon over lunch she leans 00:01:55.910 --> 00:01:58.580 align:middle line:84% across the table with its pot of tea steaming between us 00:01:58.580 --> 00:02:00.080 align:middle line:84% and says she's sorry she moved me 00:02:00.080 --> 00:02:02.870 align:middle line:84% as a child from the Asian-dominated Beacon Hill 00:02:02.870 --> 00:02:05.300 align:middle line:84% to the whiter enclave of Ravenna. 00:02:05.300 --> 00:02:07.490 align:middle line:84% We did it for the schools, she says. 00:02:07.490 --> 00:02:11.150 align:middle line:84% But now you are more comfortable among white people than us. 00:02:11.150 --> 00:02:14.180 align:middle line:84% The us in this sentence is the slap. 00:02:14.180 --> 00:02:15.980 align:middle line:84% There is a little too much emphasis 00:02:15.980 --> 00:02:19.550 align:middle line:84% my mother puts on "us," the final forceful way she 00:02:19.550 --> 00:02:22.070 align:middle line:90% places her teacup by the bowl. 00:02:22.070 --> 00:02:25.100 align:middle line:84% Of course, I am not finally responsible for that decision 00:02:25.100 --> 00:02:26.840 align:middle line:90% or its attendant comforts. 00:02:26.840 --> 00:02:30.050 align:middle line:84% I recall an afternoon in high school sitting on Po Po's couch 00:02:30.050 --> 00:02:33.290 align:middle line:84% with my mother, Po Po's friend smiling and staring at me. 00:02:33.290 --> 00:02:36.230 align:middle line:84% She's so white, someone murmurs to Po Po, 00:02:36.230 --> 00:02:38.690 align:middle line:84% and my mother grinds her hand into my knee. 00:02:38.690 --> 00:02:45.400 align:middle line:90% 00:02:45.400 --> 00:02:49.170 align:middle line:90% And-- No, that's not it. 00:02:49.170 --> 00:02:52.010 align:middle line:90% This is the one. 00:02:52.010 --> 00:02:53.630 align:middle line:84% What you're going to see here are 00:02:53.630 --> 00:02:59.105 align:middle line:84% images from my grandfather's photo book. 00:02:59.105 --> 00:03:01.955 align:middle line:90% 00:03:01.955 --> 00:03:02.455 align:middle line:90% "Heart." 00:03:02.455 --> 00:03:12.290 align:middle line:90% 00:03:12.290 --> 00:03:14.360 align:middle line:84% I remember the boy who called me dirty 00:03:14.360 --> 00:03:17.210 align:middle line:84% and the French women who hissed "pauvre petite" 00:03:17.210 --> 00:03:18.860 align:middle line:90% as I passed on the street. 00:03:18.860 --> 00:03:21.440 align:middle line:84% And I remember the girl like me at school 00:03:21.440 --> 00:03:23.660 align:middle line:84% who pasted her face with white paint 00:03:23.660 --> 00:03:28.500 align:middle line:84% and blacked her brows to pass, she said, as Mexican. 00:03:28.500 --> 00:03:33.570 align:middle line:84% I remember everything for which I was made to feel ashamed. 00:03:33.570 --> 00:03:36.030 align:middle line:84% Even the fact my father said I would never 00:03:36.030 --> 00:03:37.860 align:middle line:84% make half the woman my mother was 00:03:37.860 --> 00:03:40.500 align:middle line:84% because of my heart, which the doctor now 00:03:40.500 --> 00:03:43.830 align:middle line:90% calls unusually large. 00:03:43.830 --> 00:03:48.000 align:middle line:84% Memory is the weakness I bear on my own. 00:03:48.000 --> 00:03:50.490 align:middle line:84% I come from a race on my mother's side 00:03:50.490 --> 00:03:53.580 align:middle line:84% said to be the most stolid and insensible, 00:03:53.580 --> 00:03:56.640 align:middle line:84% yet feels so keenly alive to suffering. 00:03:56.640 --> 00:03:59.160 align:middle line:84% It hurts to hear the words strangers 00:03:59.160 --> 00:04:03.900 align:middle line:84% use for Chinese shopkeepers, or watch the Chinamen here laugh 00:04:03.900 --> 00:04:07.470 align:middle line:90% when I say, I am of their race. 00:04:07.470 --> 00:04:10.620 align:middle line:84% I, who but for a few phrases remain 00:04:10.620 --> 00:04:13.590 align:middle line:84% unacquainted with my mother tongue. 00:04:13.590 --> 00:04:16.800 align:middle line:84% I have the name my English father gave me, 00:04:16.800 --> 00:04:18.750 align:middle line:90% and I look like my father. 00:04:18.750 --> 00:04:23.070 align:middle line:84% I could be loved if I lived as if I were like him too. 00:04:23.070 --> 00:04:26.790 align:middle line:84% But I prefer the name I have invented for myself. 00:04:26.790 --> 00:04:30.160 align:middle line:84% I want the world to see my mother in me, 00:04:30.160 --> 00:04:33.580 align:middle line:84% regardless if the Chinese have no souls. 00:04:33.580 --> 00:04:35.710 align:middle line:90% I do not need a soul. 00:04:35.710 --> 00:04:38.590 align:middle line:84% It is not my soul in question here 00:04:38.590 --> 00:04:42.940 align:middle line:84% in these hot glances, these furious whispers. 00:04:42.940 --> 00:04:47.740 align:middle line:84% Why care for love when I do not know if I should love others 00:04:47.740 --> 00:04:49.240 align:middle line:90% in return. 00:04:49.240 --> 00:04:53.500 align:middle line:84% Love is a white loneliness that swells the heart 00:04:53.500 --> 00:04:56.260 align:middle line:90% and shuts me out from pleasure. 00:04:56.260 --> 00:04:59.410 align:middle line:84% What is there for one like me to do but wander, 00:04:59.410 --> 00:05:04.150 align:middle line:84% a pioneer traveling between west and east myself the link 00:05:04.150 --> 00:05:07.690 align:middle line:84% they threaten to destroy between them. 00:05:07.690 --> 00:05:11.890 align:middle line:84% I do not need a name on legal papers. 00:05:11.890 --> 00:05:13.450 align:middle line:90% Here is a match. 00:05:13.450 --> 00:05:18.130 align:middle line:84% Here is the mirror in which my pale face burns its flickering 00:05:18.130 --> 00:05:19.900 align:middle line:90% allegiances. 00:05:19.900 --> 00:05:25.780 align:middle line:84% My soul is everywhere on my person. 00:05:25.780 --> 00:05:30.940 align:middle line:84% I lose nothing of myself that has not already disappeared. 00:05:30.940 --> 00:05:37.260 align:middle line:90% 00:05:37.260 --> 00:05:38.520 align:middle line:90% "Heart." 00:05:38.520 --> 00:05:41.070 align:middle line:84% Sui Sin Far, born Edith Maude Eaton, 00:05:41.070 --> 00:05:42.780 align:middle line:84% was a journalist and fiction writer, 00:05:42.780 --> 00:05:44.760 align:middle line:84% the daughter of an English merchant Edward 00:05:44.760 --> 00:05:47.490 align:middle line:84% Eaton and a Chinese mother, Achuen Grace Amoy, 00:05:47.490 --> 00:05:50.490 align:middle line:84% whom Eaton met on a business trip to Shanghai. 00:05:50.490 --> 00:05:52.860 align:middle line:84% Far worked for a variety of Canadian and American 00:05:52.860 --> 00:05:55.620 align:middle line:84% publications, largely writing about the Chinese community 00:05:55.620 --> 00:05:57.660 align:middle line:90% she encountered on her travels. 00:05:57.660 --> 00:05:59.610 align:middle line:84% I do not know what in her real life 00:05:59.610 --> 00:06:02.700 align:middle line:84% her relationship was like with her mother, a former slave who 00:06:02.700 --> 00:06:05.370 align:middle line:84% as a child worked as an acrobat and tightrope dancer 00:06:05.370 --> 00:06:08.910 align:middle line:84% for a Chinese company before being rescued by missionaries. 00:06:08.910 --> 00:06:11.220 align:middle line:84% Far's Cantonese pen name and her stories 00:06:11.220 --> 00:06:12.840 align:middle line:84% focusing on Chinese life in the west, 00:06:12.840 --> 00:06:15.390 align:middle line:84% however, suggest she saw something of her deepest 00:06:15.390 --> 00:06:18.840 align:middle line:84% self reflected in her mother, that, though she could have, 00:06:18.840 --> 00:06:21.690 align:middle line:84% she preferred never to pass as white. 00:06:21.690 --> 00:06:23.910 align:middle line:84% I first read Far's personal essay, 00:06:23.910 --> 00:06:26.400 align:middle line:84% "Leaves From the Mental Portfolio of a Eurasian," 00:06:26.400 --> 00:06:28.470 align:middle line:90% just after graduate school. 00:06:28.470 --> 00:06:31.200 align:middle line:84% The memories she'd had of racially disguising herself 00:06:31.200 --> 00:06:35.650 align:middle line:84% then of refusing to be disguised felt distressingly familiar. 00:06:35.650 --> 00:06:38.590 align:middle line:84% One anecdote she relates of being trapped in a room 00:06:38.590 --> 00:06:40.420 align:middle line:84% with a British Naval officer who insists 00:06:40.420 --> 00:06:43.630 align:middle line:84% she succumb to his advances made me feel briefly 00:06:43.630 --> 00:06:45.980 align:middle line:90% like I suffered from vertigo. 00:06:45.980 --> 00:06:49.880 align:middle line:84% The essay was written in Seattle and published in 1909. 00:06:49.880 --> 00:06:51.890 align:middle line:90% One can say echoes. 00:06:51.890 --> 00:06:54.080 align:middle line:90% One can say similarities. 00:06:54.080 --> 00:06:56.030 align:middle line:84% And one can argue that the insistence 00:06:56.030 --> 00:06:58.310 align:middle line:90% on these similarities obscures. 00:06:58.310 --> 00:07:00.500 align:middle line:84% The English poem reflects the Chinese 00:07:00.500 --> 00:07:02.630 align:middle line:90% but it is not the Chinese poem. 00:07:02.630 --> 00:07:06.830 align:middle line:84% The past is not simply a translation of the present. 00:07:06.830 --> 00:07:09.080 align:middle line:84% I can say that at times I feel like Far 00:07:09.080 --> 00:07:11.150 align:middle line:84% or that I look like my mother, but my life 00:07:11.150 --> 00:07:12.650 align:middle line:90% is different from theirs. 00:07:12.650 --> 00:07:15.500 align:middle line:84% We are citizens of different countries. 00:07:15.500 --> 00:07:17.600 align:middle line:84% The slap in my relationship with my mother 00:07:17.600 --> 00:07:20.990 align:middle line:84% is agreeing that some part of me will never be her daughter. 00:07:20.990 --> 00:07:24.230 align:middle line:84% In me, she loses what she's already lost, 00:07:24.230 --> 00:07:27.470 align:middle line:84% father, mother, language, culture. 00:07:27.470 --> 00:07:29.263 align:middle line:84% Of course, she and I ignore this, 00:07:29.263 --> 00:07:30.680 align:middle line:84% pretending that the divisions I've 00:07:30.680 --> 00:07:34.070 align:middle line:84% learned to contain within myself don't become unbridgeable 00:07:34.070 --> 00:07:35.390 align:middle line:90% when I'm with her. 00:07:35.390 --> 00:07:38.540 align:middle line:84% What draws us together holds us apart. 00:07:38.540 --> 00:07:40.760 align:middle line:84% I don't think there is a language adequate 00:07:40.760 --> 00:07:42.890 align:middle line:84% to express this break at our center, 00:07:42.890 --> 00:07:44.960 align:middle line:84% even as my awareness of it helps me see 00:07:44.960 --> 00:07:47.370 align:middle line:90% my mother with more sympathy. 00:07:47.370 --> 00:07:50.640 align:middle line:84% Perhaps this is about race, perhaps not. 00:07:50.640 --> 00:07:53.490 align:middle line:84% But race has certainly made our private experiences 00:07:53.490 --> 00:07:55.300 align:middle line:90% more private. 00:07:55.300 --> 00:07:59.100 align:middle line:84% Sui Sin Far's name in Cantonese means narcissus flower. 00:07:59.100 --> 00:08:03.350 align:middle line:84% My Chinese name, I refuse to translate. 00:08:03.350 --> 00:08:07.000 align:middle line:90%