WEBVTT

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Yes, he liked Tennyson.

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Some people accused him
of-- well, actually,

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only one person
accused him of this.

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He was particularly
partial to female poets,

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and he seemed to play
with kid's gloves

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when he was writing
about female poets.

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The only person
who points this out

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is Edgar Allan Poe
himself, when he

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writes a review
of his own reviews

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from the point of
view of somebody

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else who's criticizing
Edgar Allan

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Poe for all of his mistakes.

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And he criticizes
Poe for plagiarism.

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This is Poe, criticizing
himself of plagiarism.

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Then he points out all
of the places where

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he has committed plagiarism.

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It's bizarre.

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But one of the
things he mentions

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is, he seems to have different
standards for men and women.

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He did like Coleridge,
but here's the thing.

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He liked some Coleridge
poems, but not others.

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He liked some Longfellow
poems, but not others.

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And this confused
a lot of people,

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because he would say really
great things about somebody's

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poem.

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And then about
that same poet, he

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would say horrible things
about another poem.

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And it seemed like
he hated the poetry.

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And he was trying
to say, no, no.

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I'm reviewing the
poems themselves,

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independent of the author.

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But nobody could quite
get that at the time,

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because at that period
of time, for one writer

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to say anything bad about
another writer's work

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was an insult. And
everybody had to be--

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it was rude.

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And he would say, no.

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It shouldn't be rude.

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If we're going to
be poets, if we're

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going to be good
about this, we have

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to call out bad poetry when we
see it and call out good poetry

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when we see it, as well.

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Yeah.

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Did he review the French
poets like Baudelaire?

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No.

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Insofar as the reviews
that I've read--

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and I've read a lot of them--

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I don't think he does French.

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He reviews a lot
of British poets.

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He has some choice things
to say about Wordsworth,

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but that's, I think, kind of--

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he does British poets
and American poets.

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And possibly this is due--

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he could read French
very well, but he

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was aware of his audience.

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And he was aware that
his audience was not

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a French reading public.

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And I think that he probably
held back from that,

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to some degree,
because he didn't want

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to come off as ostentatious.

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He didn't want to come across
as elite and privileged

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because he knew
this other language.

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In fact, he calls
it out all the time

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when other writers use French.

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He does use French
himself, but he

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loves to call it out
in others, when they're

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trying to sound
bigger than they are

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by using a different language.

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Yes.

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How did Poe pass away?

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Nobody knows.

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It's actually a mystery.

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He was on the verge of making
this magazine dream of his

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come true.

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He was going to marry
his childhood sweetheart.

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She had assented to marriage.

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He had procured a
funder that was going

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to give him a bunch of money.

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Everything was
going right for him,

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and all he had to do was
get from Richmond, Virginia

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to Boston to pick up his aunt,
and then get back to Richmond.

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But somewhere along the
way, for whatever reason,

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he shows up in Baltimore.

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And nobody knows why
he went to Baltimore.

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Somebody finds him
three days later,

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and he's dying in the streets.

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He's literally lying
in the street, dying.

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They take him to the doctor.

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He mutters some things,
and he says some things.

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He calls out a name, Reynolds.

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Nobody knows who Reynolds is.

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It's a clue.

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And then he dies
shortly thereafter.

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Lots of theories--
some think that he

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had some kind of brain
cancer, because he started

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to seem much more crazy
near the end of his life,

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including the episode
with Sarah Helen Whitman.

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Some people think
it was election day.

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And election day,
back in the 1840s,

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was very different
from election day

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now, at least in some
parts of the country.

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It was common to drink a lot
of alcohol on election day.

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In fact, political parties
would offer alcohol

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at the polling booths to try
to get people to come vote

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for their candidates.

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And there was a
practice in which

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some of these
political parties would

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kidnap somebody who
had gotten drunk

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and then take them from polling
station to polling station,

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having them vote multiple times.

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And they think that maybe
that's what happened to Poe,

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and he got so drunk that
his body couldn't handle it.

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And then there are
other theories.

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There are theories that, maybe,
somebody was out after him.

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Near the end of his life, he
did get a lot more paranoid.

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And we don't know.

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So short answer
is, we don't know.

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And it's still open for solving.

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I read a book years ago--

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Yeah.

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Sorry.

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Yeah.

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I read a book
several years ago--

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I think it was a novel--

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that has Poe as a
student at West Point.

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Yes.

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Is it based on fact?

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Oh, yes.

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Yes.

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He was at the
University of Virginia,

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and then he went to
West Point after that.

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He became distinguished
at West Point.

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He didn't finish there,
but he became distinguished

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in algebra and French.

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And he held some sort of record,
that he boasts about a couple

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of times, about
swimming a river.

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And I don't know
West Point that well,

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but there's some river
there that he had swam--

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some distance out to
an island and back

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in a record amount of time.

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And apparently, if you
believe the legend--

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there's so many
legends about Poe.

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There's so many myths.

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You're never really quite sure
what's fudge and what's genius.

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But he held that record up
until the late 20th century.

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He was quite an athlete,
and he was athletic.

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He was quite a swimmer.

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I think he also at
least claimed to have

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held some record in the
standing broad jump,

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as well, which is odd.

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Also-- and this is at the
University of Virginia.

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He apparently drew
a portrait of Byron

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on his ceiling with
charcoal, which

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would have been nice to see.

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Yeah.

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That's a good question.

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Yeah.

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OK.

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Yeah.

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Yeah.

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The microphone is on its way.

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Oh, look at--

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So I know that one consequence
of his very pointed criticism

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was that he would get into
these public arguments

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with the other literati.

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Yes.

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Are there any particularly
amusing anecdotes or reveries

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you care to share with us?

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You know about this,
Safari. This

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was a setup question.

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There is a whole
section of this talk

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that I had to cut out
for matters of time,

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and it's called
the Longfellow War.

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In this war, he called
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow,

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the Smith Professor of Modern
Languages at Harvard University

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and the esteemed center of the
literary clique of Boston--

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who was also really wealthy.

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He had just married this
wealthy magnate's daughter,

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and he had received
as his wedding gift

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a mansion which you can
still go visit today.

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And they have chamber music out
on the porch, and everything.

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Longfellow was the opposite
of Poe, in so many ways,

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and Poe claims that
Longfellow plagiarized

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a couple of his poems.

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And he prints these poems side
by side and calls him out.

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And then Longfellow's friends
come to Longfellow's rescue

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and write all of these letters.

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But the best letter is written
by somebody named Outis.

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And Outis takes Poe to task and
says, this isn't plagiarism.

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But Outis also, curiously,
kind of likes Poe's poetry.

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He's like, Poe, you
write great poems.

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I just wanted to say, before
I go, you write great poems.

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But you're totally
wrong about Longfellow.

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And then he shows a poem
that he says that Poe

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plagiarized "The Raven" from.

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This poem is called
The Bird of the Dream."

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And he prints a
couple of the stanzas

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there that Poe is meant
to have plagiarized.

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It's about a bird that comes
to somebody who has just

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lost somebody who had died.

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Poe spends the next four months
replying to Outis, article

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after article after article.

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This thing Outis got wrong,
this thing Outis got wrong,

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this thing Outis got wrong.

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It's remarkable.

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And by the end of it, you
start to think, at first,

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Outis seems totally legit.

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And by the end,
you start thinking,

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Poe actually won this thing.

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I think Poe's got it.

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What scholars discovered--
and this is basically

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the consensus.

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It's not a full consensus.

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There are some people
that don't think this-- is

00:08:43.020 --> 00:08:44.860 align:middle line:90%
that Outis was Edgar Allan Poe.

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And Edgar Allan Poe had created
this entire drama with himself

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in order to sell magazines.

00:08:51.950 --> 00:08:56.155 align:middle line:84%
He kept himself in
the public eye by--

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and what's so
ironic about this is

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that that means that he wrote
"The Bird of the Dream,"

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which nobody has found anywhere.

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He wrote "The Bird of the
Dream" to accuse himself

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of plagiarizing "The
Bird of the Dream."

00:09:11.770 --> 00:09:15.280 align:middle line:90%
It's baffling.

00:09:15.280 --> 00:09:18.520 align:middle line:84%
But it also just sort
of underlines the point

00:09:18.520 --> 00:09:23.440 align:middle line:84%
that Poe is sort of
like PT Barnum, who

00:09:23.440 --> 00:09:24.940 align:middle line:90%
understood popular culture.

00:09:24.940 --> 00:09:30.700 align:middle line:84%
And he understood how scandal
and the potential for scandal

00:09:30.700 --> 00:09:32.687 align:middle line:84%
had a grip on
people's imagination.

00:09:32.687 --> 00:09:34.270 align:middle line:84%
He understood, and
he could manipulate

00:09:34.270 --> 00:09:35.440 align:middle line:90%
that for his own benefit.

00:09:35.440 --> 00:09:38.350 align:middle line:84%
And he wasn't opposed to saying
horrible things about himself,

00:09:38.350 --> 00:09:40.840 align:middle line:84%
although Outis does say nice
things about his poetry, which

00:09:40.840 --> 00:09:44.140 align:middle line:84%
in retrospect,
seems like a clue.

00:09:44.140 --> 00:09:46.840 align:middle line:84%
But he wasn't above saying
bad things about himself

00:09:46.840 --> 00:09:50.080 align:middle line:84%
or treating himself as a
character in this drama that

00:09:50.080 --> 00:09:52.630 align:middle line:84%
was the bad guy,
just to keep himself

00:09:52.630 --> 00:09:55.880 align:middle line:90%
in the middle of things.

00:09:55.880 --> 00:09:57.020 align:middle line:90%
Well, that was so great.

00:09:57.020 --> 00:10:00.340 align:middle line:84%
I wish that I could say, "for
more, go online to our website,

00:10:00.340 --> 00:10:02.350 align:middle line:84%
and you'll see the
extended interview,"

00:10:02.350 --> 00:10:05.125 align:middle line:84%
but really what I mean is,
Paul's book is over there.

00:10:05.125 --> 00:10:07.000 align:middle line:84%
I'm sure he'd love to
stick around and answer

00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:07.852 align:middle line:90%
more questions.

00:10:07.852 --> 00:10:09.060 align:middle line:90%
Thank you all for coming out.

00:10:09.060 --> 00:10:09.280 align:middle line:90%
Yeah.

00:10:09.280 --> 00:10:09.780 align:middle line:90%
Thank you.

00:10:09.780 --> 00:10:11.650 align:middle line:90%
Paul, thank you.

00:10:11.650 --> 00:10:13.000 align:middle line:90%