WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:04.446 align:middle line:90% 00:00:04.446 --> 00:00:06.540 align:middle line:90% Now, I want to read. 00:00:06.540 --> 00:00:10.440 align:middle line:84% I hope that there was some question as to whether that 00:00:10.440 --> 00:00:15.510 align:middle line:84% was poetry or prose, only because I think 00:00:15.510 --> 00:00:25.410 align:middle line:84% that imagination in language as it gets more interesting always 00:00:25.410 --> 00:00:28.410 align:middle line:84% tends to make that question come closer. 00:00:28.410 --> 00:00:31.800 align:middle line:84% I mean, if you're dealing with very formal poetry 00:00:31.800 --> 00:00:34.440 align:middle line:84% imaginative force tends to force it out of the form, 00:00:34.440 --> 00:00:37.530 align:middle line:84% so that you get further and further away from formality, 00:00:37.530 --> 00:00:41.670 align:middle line:84% and eventually somebody says that sounds like prose. 00:00:41.670 --> 00:00:47.130 align:middle line:84% And with prose if the density amounts to a certain point 00:00:47.130 --> 00:00:50.880 align:middle line:84% they begin saying it's like poetry, whatever that means. 00:00:50.880 --> 00:00:53.225 align:middle line:84% And I think this happens all the time. 00:00:53.225 --> 00:00:54.600 align:middle line:84% I mean, I think that this is just 00:00:54.600 --> 00:01:01.740 align:middle line:84% a measure, an index of some energy that's in the language. 00:01:01.740 --> 00:01:04.890 align:middle line:84% Having said that I want to read a piece that I wrote as prose 00:01:04.890 --> 00:01:07.650 align:middle line:84% and that whenever I was asked what 00:01:07.650 --> 00:01:10.620 align:middle line:84% made it different from poetry I said I didn't know, 00:01:10.620 --> 00:01:14.654 align:middle line:84% I just knew that in translation it seemed very different but. 00:01:14.654 --> 00:01:29.500 align:middle line:90% 00:01:29.500 --> 00:01:32.740 align:middle line:84% This is called Make This Simple Test, 00:01:32.740 --> 00:01:36.120 align:middle line:84% and it's from a book of prose pieces 00:01:36.120 --> 00:01:37.495 align:middle line:84% called The Miner's Pail Children. 00:01:37.495 --> 00:01:41.500 align:middle line:90% 00:01:41.500 --> 00:01:45.070 align:middle line:84% Blindfold yourself with some suitable object, 00:01:45.070 --> 00:01:48.940 align:middle line:84% if time permits remain still for a moment 00:01:48.940 --> 00:01:50.950 align:middle line:84% You may feel one or more of your senses 00:01:50.950 --> 00:01:54.190 align:middle line:84% begin to swim back toward you in the darkness, singly 00:01:54.190 --> 00:01:57.220 align:middle line:90% and without their names 00:01:57.220 --> 00:01:59.800 align:middle line:84% Meanwhile have someone else arrange the products to be 00:01:59.800 --> 00:02:02.290 align:middle line:90% used in a row in front of you 00:02:02.290 --> 00:02:04.930 align:middle line:84% It is preferable to have them in identical containers 00:02:04.930 --> 00:02:07.900 align:middle line:90% though that is not necessary 00:02:07.900 --> 00:02:10.960 align:middle line:84% Where possible perform the test by having the other person feed 00:02:10.960 --> 00:02:15.220 align:middle line:84% you a portion, a spoonful of each of the products in turn 00:02:15.220 --> 00:02:17.680 align:middle line:90% without comment 00:02:17.680 --> 00:02:19.750 align:middle line:84% Guess what each one is and have the other person 00:02:19.750 --> 00:02:24.513 align:middle line:84% write down what you say, then remove the blindfold 00:02:24.513 --> 00:02:26.680 align:middle line:84% While arranging the products the other person should 00:02:26.680 --> 00:02:29.020 align:middle line:84% have detached part of the label or container from each 00:02:29.020 --> 00:02:30.770 align:middle line:84% and placed it in front of the product that 00:02:30.770 --> 00:02:33.550 align:middle line:90% belongs to like a title 00:02:33.550 --> 00:02:36.100 align:middle line:84% This bit of legend must not contain the product's trade 00:02:36.100 --> 00:02:40.810 align:middle line:84% name, Norris generic name nor any suggestion of the product's 00:02:40.810 --> 00:02:44.020 align:middle line:90% taste or desirability or price 00:02:44.020 --> 00:02:46.570 align:middle line:84% It should be limited to that part of the label or container 00:02:46.570 --> 00:02:48.550 align:middle line:84% which enumerates the actual components 00:02:48.550 --> 00:02:51.070 align:middle line:90% of the product in question 00:02:51.070 --> 00:02:55.420 align:middle line:84% Thus for instance, contains dextre nice flowers cocoa 00:02:55.420 --> 00:02:59.620 align:middle line:84% processed with alkali, nonfat dry milk solids, yeast 00:02:59.620 --> 00:03:04.030 align:middle line:84% nutrients, vegetable proteins, agar, hydrogenated vegetable 00:03:04.030 --> 00:03:08.890 align:middle line:84% oil, dried egg yolk, QR, sodium cyclamen, soya lecithin, 00:03:08.890 --> 00:03:12.100 align:middle line:84% imitation lemon oil, a SQL tartaric esters of 00:03:12.100 --> 00:03:17.350 align:middle line:84% and diglycerides as emulsifiers, polysorbate 60, 1/10 00:03:17.350 --> 00:03:22.510 align:middle line:84% of 1% of sodium benzoic to retard spoilage 00:03:22.510 --> 00:03:28.000 align:middle line:84% Or contains unhydrated potatoes, powdered whey, vegetable gum, 00:03:28.000 --> 00:03:32.410 align:middle line:84% emulsifier glycerol monastery, invert syrup, shortening 00:03:32.410 --> 00:03:34.870 align:middle line:84% with freshness preserver, lactose, 00:03:34.870 --> 00:03:37.480 align:middle line:84% sobic acid to retard mold growth, 00:03:37.480 --> 00:03:41.650 align:middle line:84% caramel color, natural and artificial flavors, sodium acid 00:03:41.650 --> 00:03:45.190 align:middle line:90% pyrophosphate, sodium bisulfite 00:03:45.190 --> 00:03:51.040 align:middle line:84% Or contains beef extract, wheat and soya derivatives, 00:03:51.040 --> 00:03:55.960 align:middle line:84% food starch modified, dry sweet whey, calcium carrageenan, 00:03:55.960 --> 00:04:00.820 align:middle line:84% vegetable oil, sodium phosphates to preserve freshness, BHA, 00:04:00.820 --> 00:04:06.550 align:middle line:84% BHT, propylene glycol, pectin, niacinamide, artificial flavor, 00:04:06.550 --> 00:04:09.670 align:middle line:90% US certified caller 00:04:09.670 --> 00:04:13.240 align:middle line:84% There should be not less than three separate products taste 00:04:13.240 --> 00:04:15.430 align:middle line:90% again without the blindfold 00:04:15.430 --> 00:04:18.670 align:middle line:84% Guess again and have the other person record the answers 00:04:18.670 --> 00:04:20.740 align:middle line:90% Replace the blindfold 00:04:20.740 --> 00:04:23.050 align:middle line:84% Have the other person changed the order of the product 00:04:23.050 --> 00:04:26.260 align:middle line:84% and again feed you a spoonful of each 00:04:26.260 --> 00:04:28.850 align:middle line:84% Guess again what you are eating or drinking in each case 00:04:28.850 --> 00:04:30.970 align:middle line:90% if you can make the distinction 00:04:30.970 --> 00:04:34.180 align:middle line:84% But this time do not stop there, guess why 00:04:34.180 --> 00:04:39.430 align:middle line:90% you are eating or drinking it 00:04:39.430 --> 00:04:42.250 align:middle line:90% Guess what it may do for you 00:04:42.250 --> 00:04:45.370 align:middle line:84% Guess what it was meant to do for you 00:04:45.370 --> 00:04:47.530 align:middle line:90% By whom? 00:04:47.530 --> 00:04:48.830 align:middle line:90% When? 00:04:48.830 --> 00:04:49.970 align:middle line:90% Where? 00:04:49.970 --> 00:04:51.490 align:middle line:90% Why? 00:04:51.490 --> 00:04:53.410 align:middle line:84% Guess where in the course of evolution 00:04:53.410 --> 00:04:58.000 align:middle line:84% you took the first step toward it 00:04:58.000 --> 00:05:02.630 align:middle line:84% Guess which of your organs recognizing it 00:05:02.630 --> 00:05:05.780 align:middle line:84% Guess whether it is welcome to their temples 00:05:05.780 --> 00:05:08.750 align:middle line:84% Guess how it figures in their prayers 00:05:08.750 --> 00:05:11.870 align:middle line:84% Guess how completely you become what you eat 00:05:11.870 --> 00:05:17.580 align:middle line:90% Guess how soon 00:05:17.580 --> 00:05:20.760 align:middle line:84% Guess at the taste of locusts and wild honey 00:05:20.760 --> 00:05:23.310 align:middle line:90% Guess at the taste of water 00:05:23.310 --> 00:05:26.070 align:middle line:84% Guess what the river see as they die 00:05:26.070 --> 00:05:28.440 align:middle line:90% Guess why the babies are burning 00:05:28.440 --> 00:05:31.110 align:middle line:84% Guess why there is silence in heaven 00:05:31.110 --> 00:05:34.920 align:middle line:90% Guess why you were ever born 00:05:34.920 --> 00:05:37.970 align:middle line:90% [APPLAUSE] 00:05:37.970 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