WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.640 align:middle line:90% 00:00:02.640 --> 00:00:05.760 align:middle line:90% The dying cowboy. 00:00:05.760 --> 00:00:11.370 align:middle line:84% I crave an audacious music yet easy comfortable native. 00:00:11.370 --> 00:00:15.510 align:middle line:84% Aaron Copland comes to mind, and I put on Billy the Kid long 00:00:15.510 --> 00:00:18.660 align:middle line:84% a favorite of mine and among the most American of American 00:00:18.660 --> 00:00:21.060 align:middle line:90% ballets. 00:00:21.060 --> 00:00:22.640 align:middle line:90% Good. 00:00:22.640 --> 00:00:25.830 align:middle line:84% A frontier town looms up in the mind's eye, 00:00:25.830 --> 00:00:28.890 align:middle line:90% there is brawling and gunplay. 00:00:28.890 --> 00:00:32.280 align:middle line:84% A woman is cut down in the crossfire, and it remains, 00:00:32.280 --> 00:00:35.160 align:middle line:90% alas, for her son. 00:00:35.160 --> 00:00:40.710 align:middle line:84% A mere lad of 12 to avenge her death and to flee. 00:00:40.710 --> 00:00:44.070 align:middle line:84% In that awful moment of pain and rage, 00:00:44.070 --> 00:00:47.250 align:middle line:90% his whole destiny is determined. 00:00:47.250 --> 00:00:49.920 align:middle line:84% The music swells upon me and I'm carried along 00:00:49.920 --> 00:00:52.320 align:middle line:84% in a swift current of his legend. 00:00:52.320 --> 00:00:56.880 align:middle line:84% Night on the prairie, a card game, a gunfight, capture 00:00:56.880 --> 00:01:01.800 align:middle line:84% and escape, and at last death in the desert. 00:01:01.800 --> 00:01:04.620 align:middle line:84% The avocation is all but irresistible. 00:01:04.620 --> 00:01:10.620 align:middle line:84% And an epic notion of heroism lies at the center of it. 00:01:10.620 --> 00:01:14.580 align:middle line:84% We, Americans, have always cherished the institution 00:01:14.580 --> 00:01:16.920 align:middle line:90% of the dying cowboy. 00:01:16.920 --> 00:01:19.590 align:middle line:84% From the dime novel to the silver screen, 00:01:19.590 --> 00:01:23.430 align:middle line:84% it has been one of our most enduring sentiments 00:01:23.430 --> 00:01:27.630 align:middle line:90% and authentic national treasure. 00:01:27.630 --> 00:01:30.540 align:middle line:84% We beat the drum slowly and played 00:01:30.540 --> 00:01:35.310 align:middle line:84% the fife lowly and we bitterly wept as we bore him along. 00:01:35.310 --> 00:01:40.170 align:middle line:84% For we all loved our comrades so brave young and handsome. 00:01:40.170 --> 00:01:46.440 align:middle line:84% We all loved our comrade although he'd done wrong. 00:01:46.440 --> 00:01:50.250 align:middle line:84% But if this is not precisely a false view of Billy the Kid, 00:01:50.250 --> 00:01:53.430 align:middle line:90% it is decidedly a narrow one. 00:01:53.430 --> 00:01:56.310 align:middle line:84% The irony is that the other side of this particular coin 00:01:56.310 --> 00:02:00.120 align:middle line:84% is just as ambiguously true and false. 00:02:00.120 --> 00:02:05.250 align:middle line:84% To wit the famous photograph, the only one known to exist, 00:02:05.250 --> 00:02:07.080 align:middle line:90% if I am not mistaken. 00:02:07.080 --> 00:02:11.830 align:middle line:84% In which Billy appears to be a mindless pear-shaped boy, 00:02:11.830 --> 00:02:16.470 align:middle line:84% essentially innocuous in spite of the arsenal at his hips, 00:02:16.470 --> 00:02:19.890 align:middle line:84% who stands in peculiar and pathetic relation 00:02:19.890 --> 00:02:23.070 align:middle line:90% to man and to God. 00:02:23.070 --> 00:02:25.050 align:middle line:84% The truth is not necessarily to be 00:02:25.050 --> 00:02:27.330 align:middle line:84% found in either of these directions, 00:02:27.330 --> 00:02:32.910 align:middle line:84% nor is it necessarily to be found at all. 00:02:32.910 --> 00:02:39.030 align:middle line:84% One day, Billy and I were riding down from the high country, 00:02:39.030 --> 00:02:41.640 align:middle line:90% South of the Hondo Valley. 00:02:41.640 --> 00:02:44.370 align:middle line:84% It was getting on towards evening, 00:02:44.370 --> 00:02:48.270 align:middle line:90% and the light was failing fast. 00:02:48.270 --> 00:02:53.220 align:middle line:84% Far below, we could see the pale geometry of a village, Arroyo 00:02:53.220 --> 00:02:55.740 align:middle line:90% Corvo, as I recall. 00:02:55.740 --> 00:03:01.950 align:middle line:84% And we made straight for the cantina there. 00:03:01.950 --> 00:03:07.170 align:middle line:84% Night came on as we stood without talking at the bar. 00:03:07.170 --> 00:03:11.520 align:middle line:90% An hour passed, and another. 00:03:11.520 --> 00:03:16.740 align:middle line:90% And then, move over, friend. 00:03:16.740 --> 00:03:19.490 align:middle line:90% 00:03:19.490 --> 00:03:27.230 align:middle line:84% A thick bearded man stepped between us, facing Billy. 00:03:27.230 --> 00:03:31.530 align:middle line:84% Quite apart from the fact that he was obviously drunk, 00:03:31.530 --> 00:03:35.210 align:middle line:84% there was something repulsive in his manner. 00:03:35.210 --> 00:03:39.350 align:middle line:84% You could see it once that there was no steel in him. 00:03:39.350 --> 00:03:45.800 align:middle line:84% And not a glimmer of the doom that was about to fall on him. 00:03:45.800 --> 00:03:49.040 align:middle line:90% I caught my breath. 00:03:49.040 --> 00:03:52.070 align:middle line:84% Over the intruder's shoulder, I saw 00:03:52.070 --> 00:03:55.400 align:middle line:90% Billy raise his eyes slowly. 00:03:55.400 --> 00:03:58.820 align:middle line:90% 00:03:58.820 --> 00:04:05.740 align:middle line:84% He said nothing, nor did he give so much as an inch. 00:04:05.740 --> 00:04:12.715 align:middle line:84% But for a moment, his eyes lay upon the man like a shroud. 00:04:12.715 --> 00:04:17.040 align:middle line:90% 00:04:17.040 --> 00:04:20.640 align:middle line:90% And he returned to his drink. 00:04:20.640 --> 00:04:24.555 align:middle line:90% The man withered away. 00:04:24.555 --> 00:04:27.580 align:middle line:90% 00:04:27.580 --> 00:04:33.930 align:middle line:84% I had never seen Billy fix a man in his gaze before. 00:04:33.930 --> 00:04:38.580 align:middle line:84% For years now, I have tried to understand 00:04:38.580 --> 00:04:43.050 align:middle line:84% what it was that I saw in his eyes at that moment. 00:04:43.050 --> 00:04:45.690 align:middle line:90% 00:04:45.690 --> 00:04:48.360 align:middle line:84% There are times when it seems surely 00:04:48.360 --> 00:04:50.430 align:middle line:84% to have been something like sorrow. 00:04:50.430 --> 00:04:53.150 align:middle line:90% 00:04:53.150 --> 00:04:58.640 align:middle line:84% Faintest sadness but at other times, 00:04:58.640 --> 00:05:02.210 align:middle line:84% I realized that there was nothing. 00:05:02.210 --> 00:05:04.040 align:middle line:90% Nothing at all. 00:05:04.040 --> 00:05:10.910 align:middle line:84% That Billy was the only man I have ever known in whose eyes, 00:05:10.910 --> 00:05:12.950 align:middle line:84% there was no expression, whatever. 00:05:12.950 --> 00:05:15.860 align:middle line:90% 00:05:15.860 --> 00:05:18.890 align:middle line:90% But I digress. 00:05:18.890 --> 00:05:22.550 align:middle line:84% There is the matter of Billy the Kid's demise. 00:05:22.550 --> 00:05:27.560 align:middle line:84% He was shot to death as everyone knows in Pete Maxwell's house, 00:05:27.560 --> 00:05:35.660 align:middle line:84% near Fort Sumner, on or about midnight, 13, 14 July 1881. 00:05:35.660 --> 00:05:42.560 align:middle line:84% And he was shot by Pat Garrett, Sheriff of Lincoln County. 00:05:42.560 --> 00:05:47.390 align:middle line:84% There was one witness, Pete Maxwell. 00:05:47.390 --> 00:05:50.180 align:middle line:84% Immediately after the shooting, two other men 00:05:50.180 --> 00:05:54.470 align:middle line:84% came into the room and saw Billy the Kid's body face down 00:05:54.470 --> 00:05:55.140 align:middle line:90% on the floor. 00:05:55.140 --> 00:05:58.700 align:middle line:84% They were John Poe and Kip McKinney. 00:05:58.700 --> 00:06:01.160 align:middle line:84% It is generally believed, if I'm not mistaken, 00:06:01.160 --> 00:06:06.020 align:middle line:84% that Garrett fired twice, one of the shots going wild. 00:06:06.020 --> 00:06:08.600 align:middle line:84% But Poe and McKinney both thought 00:06:08.600 --> 00:06:11.780 align:middle line:84% that they had heard three shots, two of which 00:06:11.780 --> 00:06:14.600 align:middle line:84% were extremely close together in time. 00:06:14.600 --> 00:06:18.680 align:middle line:84% Now, these are the important questions as I see it. 00:06:18.680 --> 00:06:22.700 align:middle line:90% Was Billy the Kid armed? 00:06:22.700 --> 00:06:27.200 align:middle line:84% Did the four men who stood over his body really 00:06:27.200 --> 00:06:30.140 align:middle line:84% see, in addition to the butcher knife, 00:06:30.140 --> 00:06:33.230 align:middle line:90% a pistol in Billy's right hand? 00:06:33.230 --> 00:06:35.570 align:middle line:90% A pistol of a rare type? 00:06:35.570 --> 00:06:40.310 align:middle line:84% A Colt double action 41 caliber with a small handle shaped 00:06:40.310 --> 00:06:42.470 align:middle line:90% like that of a Derringer? 00:06:42.470 --> 00:06:47.060 align:middle line:84% What did they only imagine that they saw such a thing? 00:06:47.060 --> 00:06:51.020 align:middle line:84% Finally, did the four men really see Billy 00:06:51.020 --> 00:06:54.170 align:middle line:84% the Kid there on the floor at their feet? 00:06:54.170 --> 00:06:58.520 align:middle line:90% Or were they possibly dreaming? 00:06:58.520 --> 00:07:02.360 align:middle line:84% Could it be that they and some extraordinary concert 00:07:02.360 --> 00:07:06.620 align:middle line:84% of the mind imagined him there dead? 00:07:06.620 --> 00:07:12.050 align:middle line:84% Or indeed, could it be that these men in their very souls, 00:07:12.050 --> 00:07:15.110 align:middle line:84% in their most intricate mentality and absolute faith 00:07:15.110 --> 00:07:21.950 align:middle line:84% in what they saw and what they were, for more or less equal 00:07:21.950 --> 00:07:26.080 align:middle line:84% figments of Billy the Kid's imagination? 00:07:26.080 --> 00:07:29.000 align:middle line:90%