WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.460 align:middle line:84% In my other books about Cuba, I've 00:00:02.460 --> 00:00:05.190 align:middle line:84% imagined the voices of brave young people 00:00:05.190 --> 00:00:07.500 align:middle line:84% who made hopeful choices in times 00:00:07.500 --> 00:00:09.810 align:middle line:90% that must have seemed hopeless. 00:00:09.810 --> 00:00:12.720 align:middle line:84% Some of the characters are fictional, but most of them 00:00:12.720 --> 00:00:16.470 align:middle line:90% are real people from history. 00:00:16.470 --> 00:00:19.350 align:middle line:84% And I'm going to skip through just some book covers, 00:00:19.350 --> 00:00:24.030 align:middle line:84% and actually not talk about them in great detail right now. 00:00:24.030 --> 00:00:28.530 align:middle line:84% But I would like to mention that this one is not 00:00:28.530 --> 00:00:30.180 align:middle line:90% a famous historical figure. 00:00:30.180 --> 00:00:32.759 align:middle line:84% This one is about my own grandmother. 00:00:32.759 --> 00:00:37.620 align:middle line:84% I wrote the stories that she told me about her childhood, 00:00:37.620 --> 00:00:42.090 align:middle line:84% growing up in Cuba on a farm, during the period immediately 00:00:42.090 --> 00:00:46.200 align:middle line:84% following the surrender treaty, just a few years later. 00:00:46.200 --> 00:00:49.450 align:middle line:84% She was born, she lived a very long time. 00:00:49.450 --> 00:00:51.870 align:middle line:90% And she lived over 100 years-- 00:00:51.870 --> 00:00:53.400 align:middle line:90% 104. 00:00:53.400 --> 00:01:00.480 align:middle line:84% So she actually saw well into this century. 00:01:00.480 --> 00:01:04.290 align:middle line:84% Imagine the changes from just a few years 00:01:04.290 --> 00:01:07.800 align:middle line:84% after the surrender treaty to having passed away 00:01:07.800 --> 00:01:10.270 align:middle line:90% just a few years ago. 00:01:10.270 --> 00:01:14.040 align:middle line:84% Imagine how much change one person can see in their life. 00:01:14.040 --> 00:01:17.550 align:middle line:84% But she lived in very turbulent times. 00:01:17.550 --> 00:01:19.320 align:middle line:84% There was a lot of chaos following 00:01:19.320 --> 00:01:23.160 align:middle line:84% the last of those wars after the Americans occupied Cuba. 00:01:23.160 --> 00:01:25.240 align:middle line:90% And she also had dyslexia. 00:01:25.240 --> 00:01:28.050 align:middle line:84% So it was a struggle for her to learn to read and write. 00:01:28.050 --> 00:01:30.840 align:middle line:84% And I wanted to write the stories that she told me 00:01:30.840 --> 00:01:33.870 align:middle line:90% about those struggles. 00:01:33.870 --> 00:01:36.540 align:middle line:84% Every day each one of us makes choices 00:01:36.540 --> 00:01:38.790 align:middle line:90% that affect other people. 00:01:38.790 --> 00:01:43.080 align:middle line:84% Wondering how others feel can be one of our best guidelines 00:01:43.080 --> 00:01:44.700 align:middle line:90% for our choices. 00:01:44.700 --> 00:01:46.830 align:middle line:84% That is what a writer does-- wonders. 00:01:46.830 --> 00:01:48.630 align:middle line:84% So in writing The Surrender Tree, 00:01:48.630 --> 00:01:53.460 align:middle line:84% I wondered what did it feel like to be Rosa la Bayamesa 00:01:53.460 --> 00:01:56.880 align:middle line:84% or to be Silvia, to live in that time and place. 00:01:56.880 --> 00:01:59.520 align:middle line:84% And writing The Wild Book, I wondered about my grandmother's 00:01:59.520 --> 00:02:01.530 align:middle line:90% feelings. 00:02:01.530 --> 00:02:05.020 align:middle line:84% I also wonder about the sights, sounds, smells, 00:02:05.020 --> 00:02:10.807 align:middle line:84% tastes thoughts and actions of my characters. 00:02:10.807 --> 00:02:11.307 align:middle line:90%