WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.900 align:middle line:90% 00:00:00.900 --> 00:00:07.050 align:middle line:84% Not going to read very many poems today from this book. 00:00:07.050 --> 00:00:11.970 align:middle line:84% "Counted lines of sorrow for a sonnet, rapidly-rhymed beats 00:00:11.970 --> 00:00:16.590 align:middle line:84% of fury, my own verses soon flow, shrieking and groaning 00:00:16.590 --> 00:00:18.420 align:middle line:90% from my smuggled pen. 00:00:18.420 --> 00:00:22.020 align:middle line:84% I walk with empty hands, letting the rhythm of footsteps 00:00:22.020 --> 00:00:24.450 align:middle line:90% turn into silence or birdsong. 00:00:24.450 --> 00:00:26.800 align:middle line:90% I never know which to expect. 00:00:26.800 --> 00:00:28.650 align:middle line:90% Time and distance vanish. 00:00:28.650 --> 00:00:32.940 align:middle line:84% I feel lopsided, like a tree that reaches toward sunlight, 00:00:32.940 --> 00:00:38.460 align:middle line:84% rising from a rooted forest of hurried, buried truce. 00:00:38.460 --> 00:00:41.790 align:middle line:84% I feel the mysterious power of growth." 00:00:41.790 --> 00:00:46.020 align:middle line:84% That's in Tula's voice, Avianela's voice, 00:00:46.020 --> 00:00:49.500 align:middle line:84% but as I imagined from what she wrote 00:00:49.500 --> 00:00:54.450 align:middle line:84% about her experience of trying different forms of poetry. 00:00:54.450 --> 00:00:58.050 align:middle line:84% My most recent verse novel is Silver People, 00:00:58.050 --> 00:01:00.150 align:middle line:84% and I'm going to start with introducing 00:01:00.150 --> 00:01:02.730 align:middle line:84% this as the first one of my historical verse novels 00:01:02.730 --> 00:01:04.950 align:middle line:84% for young people not set in Cuba. 00:01:04.950 --> 00:01:08.580 align:middle line:84% It's set in Panama, and I'm going 00:01:08.580 --> 00:01:11.010 align:middle line:84% to read just a couple of paragraphs 00:01:11.010 --> 00:01:14.265 align:middle line:84% from the historical note at the end to introduce it. 00:01:14.265 --> 00:01:17.040 align:middle line:84% "In the American-ruled Canal Zone, 00:01:17.040 --> 00:01:19.650 align:middle line:84% laborers from all over the world were 00:01:19.650 --> 00:01:23.370 align:middle line:84% subjected to a system that resembled South Africa's 00:01:23.370 --> 00:01:24.390 align:middle line:90% apartheid. 00:01:24.390 --> 00:01:25.260 align:middle line:90% Did you know that? 00:01:25.260 --> 00:01:27.780 align:middle line:90% 00:01:27.780 --> 00:01:33.570 align:middle line:84% I'm shocked at how few Americans think about the Panama Canal 00:01:33.570 --> 00:01:34.860 align:middle line:90% at all. 00:01:34.860 --> 00:01:37.860 align:middle line:84% Dark-skinned Islanders and olive-skinned southern 00:01:37.860 --> 00:01:39.930 align:middle line:90% Europeans were paid in silver. 00:01:39.930 --> 00:01:42.630 align:middle line:84% Light-skinned Americans and northern Europeans 00:01:42.630 --> 00:01:43.920 align:middle line:90% received gold. 00:01:43.920 --> 00:01:46.620 align:middle line:84% Housing, meals, recreation, and hospitals 00:01:46.620 --> 00:01:48.840 align:middle line:90% were also strictly segregated. 00:01:48.840 --> 00:01:53.220 align:middle line:84% Of the estimated quarter million Caribbean Islanders 00:01:53.220 --> 00:01:56.970 align:middle line:84% who worked in Panama between 1850 and 1914, 00:01:56.970 --> 00:02:00.030 align:middle line:84% at least one-third never returned to their homelands, 00:02:00.030 --> 00:02:02.640 align:middle line:84% but fanned out across Central America, 00:02:02.640 --> 00:02:05.010 align:middle line:84% becoming an integral part of the region's 00:02:05.010 --> 00:02:07.850 align:middle line:90% rich cultural heritage. 00:02:07.850 --> 00:02:09.000 align:middle line:90%