WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.700 align:middle line:90% 00:00:02.700 --> 00:00:07.890 align:middle line:84% I want to go on from that book to the next one. 00:00:07.890 --> 00:00:10.590 align:middle line:90% Book called The Lice. 00:00:10.590 --> 00:00:16.050 align:middle line:84% And the title lest you waste time wondering 00:00:16.050 --> 00:00:20.240 align:middle line:84% how one arrived at a title like that, 00:00:20.240 --> 00:00:22.400 align:middle line:84% got a Greek scholar to help me fiddle with I got it 00:00:22.400 --> 00:00:23.960 align:middle line:90% the way I wanted it. 00:00:23.960 --> 00:00:26.870 align:middle line:84% And he said it was close enough to Heraclides. 00:00:26.870 --> 00:00:31.550 align:middle line:84% And this way it reads, all men are 00:00:31.550 --> 00:00:34.520 align:middle line:84% deceived by the appearances of things, 00:00:34.520 --> 00:00:38.990 align:middle line:84% even Homer himself who was the wisest man in Greece. 00:00:38.990 --> 00:00:42.980 align:middle line:84% But he was deceived by boys catching lice. 00:00:42.980 --> 00:00:45.740 align:middle line:84% They said to him what we have caught 00:00:45.740 --> 00:00:49.010 align:middle line:84% and what we have killed we have left behind. 00:00:49.010 --> 00:00:51.110 align:middle line:84% But what is escaped us we bring with us. 00:00:51.110 --> 00:00:54.530 align:middle line:90% 00:00:54.530 --> 00:00:56.330 align:middle line:84% It seems to work for all poems but it 00:00:56.330 --> 00:01:02.770 align:middle line:84% worked for this book, which is a kind of descent book-- 00:01:02.770 --> 00:01:07.190 align:middle line:90% E S C-- particularly. 00:01:07.190 --> 00:01:09.920 align:middle line:84% And before I get into the poems which 00:01:09.920 --> 00:01:11.420 align:middle line:84% are more typical of the book, I want 00:01:11.420 --> 00:01:15.748 align:middle line:84% to read one which is typical of the theme of the book 00:01:15.748 --> 00:01:17.540 align:middle line:84% but not of the kind of poems that are in it 00:01:17.540 --> 00:01:19.998 align:middle line:84% and not of anything that I'd ever written before 00:01:19.998 --> 00:01:20.915 align:middle line:90% or have written since. 00:01:20.915 --> 00:01:23.420 align:middle line:90% 00:01:23.420 --> 00:01:29.750 align:middle line:84% It's a poem that again, if one's talking about the ironies that 00:01:29.750 --> 00:01:33.050 align:middle line:84% go into things one of the private ironies about it 00:01:33.050 --> 00:01:39.260 align:middle line:84% was the fact that it takes-- it was suggested, the form of it 00:01:39.260 --> 00:01:47.060 align:middle line:84% was suggested by a Brazilian Indian creation myth. 00:01:47.060 --> 00:01:50.300 align:middle line:84% And the poem itself is nothing at all like a creation 00:01:50.300 --> 00:01:52.790 align:middle line:90% myth except that it-- 00:01:52.790 --> 00:01:55.160 align:middle line:90% I mean in subject. 00:01:55.160 --> 00:01:58.910 align:middle line:84% Formally, it's a kind of mock narrative 00:01:58.910 --> 00:02:00.950 align:middle line:84% but at the same time incantatory. 00:02:00.950 --> 00:02:04.670 align:middle line:84% And so the disparity between what it's doing 00:02:04.670 --> 00:02:07.970 align:middle line:90% and how it does it is ironic. 00:02:07.970 --> 00:02:11.720 align:middle line:84% And you can tell from the title that it's a poem about 00:02:11.720 --> 00:02:12.560 align:middle line:90% an anti-- 00:02:12.560 --> 00:02:13.910 align:middle line:90% it's not an anti creation myth. 00:02:13.910 --> 00:02:16.160 align:middle line:84% It's a poem-- it's a mythological poem 00:02:16.160 --> 00:02:18.900 align:middle line:84% about an anti creation, which is a different thing. 00:02:18.900 --> 00:02:20.180 align:middle line:90% And called "The Last One." 00:02:20.180 --> 00:02:25.610 align:middle line:90% 00:02:25.610 --> 00:02:29.750 align:middle line:84% Well they made up their minds to be everywhere because why not. 00:02:29.750 --> 00:02:33.530 align:middle line:84% Everywhere was theirs because they thought so. 00:02:33.530 --> 00:02:37.700 align:middle line:84% They was two leaves, they whom the birds despise. 00:02:37.700 --> 00:02:40.850 align:middle line:84% In the middle of stones they made up their minds. 00:02:40.850 --> 00:02:44.090 align:middle line:90% They started to cut. 00:02:44.090 --> 00:02:46.370 align:middle line:84% Well, they cut everything because why not. 00:02:46.370 --> 00:02:49.760 align:middle line:84% Everything was theirs because they thought so. 00:02:49.760 --> 00:02:53.030 align:middle line:84% It fell into its shadows and they took both away. 00:02:53.030 --> 00:02:57.050 align:middle line:90% Some to have, some for burning. 00:02:57.050 --> 00:02:59.690 align:middle line:84% Well, cutting everything they came to the water. 00:02:59.690 --> 00:03:03.530 align:middle line:84% They came to the end of the day, there was one left standing. 00:03:03.530 --> 00:03:06.560 align:middle line:84% They would cut it tomorrow, they went away. 00:03:06.560 --> 00:03:09.770 align:middle line:84% The night gathered in the last branches. 00:03:09.770 --> 00:03:13.610 align:middle line:84% The shadow of the night gathered in the shadow on the water. 00:03:13.610 --> 00:03:17.060 align:middle line:84% The night and the shadow put on the same head. 00:03:17.060 --> 00:03:18.530 align:middle line:90% And it said, now. 00:03:18.530 --> 00:03:21.380 align:middle line:90% 00:03:21.380 --> 00:03:24.110 align:middle line:84% Well in the morning they cut the last one. 00:03:24.110 --> 00:03:27.440 align:middle line:84% Like the others the last one felt into its shadow. 00:03:27.440 --> 00:03:30.110 align:middle line:84% It fell into its shadow on the water. 00:03:30.110 --> 00:03:31.490 align:middle line:90% They took it away. 00:03:31.490 --> 00:03:34.647 align:middle line:90% Its shadow stayed on the water. 00:03:34.647 --> 00:03:35.480 align:middle line:90% Well, they shrugged. 00:03:35.480 --> 00:03:38.390 align:middle line:84% They started trying to get the shadow away. 00:03:38.390 --> 00:03:41.572 align:middle line:84% They cut right to the ground, the shadow stayed whole. 00:03:41.572 --> 00:03:42.530 align:middle line:90% They laid boards on it. 00:03:42.530 --> 00:03:44.930 align:middle line:90% The shadow came out on top. 00:03:44.930 --> 00:03:48.830 align:middle line:84% They shone lights on it, the shadow got blacker and clearer. 00:03:48.830 --> 00:03:51.890 align:middle line:84% They exploded the water the shadow rocked. 00:03:51.890 --> 00:03:54.680 align:middle line:84% They built a huge fire on the roots. 00:03:54.680 --> 00:03:58.610 align:middle line:84% They set up black smoke between the shadow and the sun. 00:03:58.610 --> 00:04:02.810 align:middle line:84% The new shadow flowed without changing the old one. 00:04:02.810 --> 00:04:05.930 align:middle line:84% They shrugged, they went away to get stones. 00:04:05.930 --> 00:04:08.630 align:middle line:84% They came back the shadow was growing. 00:04:08.630 --> 00:04:11.690 align:middle line:84% They started setting up stones it was growing. 00:04:11.690 --> 00:04:14.510 align:middle line:84% They looked the other way it went on growing. 00:04:14.510 --> 00:04:17.003 align:middle line:84% They decided they would make a stone out of it. 00:04:17.003 --> 00:04:18.920 align:middle line:84% They took stones to the water they poured them 00:04:18.920 --> 00:04:20.240 align:middle line:90% into the shadow. 00:04:20.240 --> 00:04:24.020 align:middle line:84% They poured them in, they poured them in, the stones vanished. 00:04:24.020 --> 00:04:27.290 align:middle line:84% The shadow was not filled, it went on growing. 00:04:27.290 --> 00:04:29.668 align:middle line:90% That was one day. 00:04:29.668 --> 00:04:30.960 align:middle line:90% The next day was just the same. 00:04:30.960 --> 00:04:32.420 align:middle line:90% It went on growing. 00:04:32.420 --> 00:04:35.540 align:middle line:84% They did all the same things it was just the same. 00:04:35.540 --> 00:04:38.270 align:middle line:84% They decided to take its water from under it. 00:04:38.270 --> 00:04:41.810 align:middle line:84% They took away water, they took it away, the water went down. 00:04:41.810 --> 00:04:44.858 align:middle line:84% The shadow stayed where it was before. 00:04:44.858 --> 00:04:45.650 align:middle line:90% It went on growing. 00:04:45.650 --> 00:04:47.600 align:middle line:90% It grew on to the land. 00:04:47.600 --> 00:04:50.750 align:middle line:84% They started to scrape the shadow with machines. 00:04:50.750 --> 00:04:54.230 align:middle line:84% When it touched the machines it stayed on them. 00:04:54.230 --> 00:04:56.900 align:middle line:84% They started to beat the shadow with sticks. 00:04:56.900 --> 00:05:00.050 align:middle line:84% Where it touched the sticks it stayed on them. 00:05:00.050 --> 00:05:02.900 align:middle line:84% They started to beat the shadow with hands. 00:05:02.900 --> 00:05:06.210 align:middle line:84% Where it touched the hands it stayed on them. 00:05:06.210 --> 00:05:08.895 align:middle line:90% That was another day. 00:05:08.895 --> 00:05:10.770 align:middle line:84% Well, the next day it started about the same. 00:05:10.770 --> 00:05:12.230 align:middle line:90% It went on growing. 00:05:12.230 --> 00:05:14.390 align:middle line:84% They pushed lights into the shadow. 00:05:14.390 --> 00:05:17.240 align:middle line:84% Where the shadow got onto them they went out. 00:05:17.240 --> 00:05:20.040 align:middle line:84% They began to stomp on the edge it got their feet. 00:05:20.040 --> 00:05:22.950 align:middle line:84% And when it got their feet they fell down. 00:05:22.950 --> 00:05:26.070 align:middle line:84% It got into eyes, the eyes went blind. 00:05:26.070 --> 00:05:29.310 align:middle line:84% The ones that fell down it grew over and they vanished. 00:05:29.310 --> 00:05:32.580 align:middle line:84% The ones that went blind and walked into it vanished. 00:05:32.580 --> 00:05:34.650 align:middle line:84% The ones that could see and stood still it 00:05:34.650 --> 00:05:36.810 align:middle line:90% swallowed their shadows. 00:05:36.810 --> 00:05:40.020 align:middle line:84% Then it swallowed them too and they vanished. 00:05:40.020 --> 00:05:43.025 align:middle line:90% Well, the others ran. 00:05:43.025 --> 00:05:44.400 align:middle line:84% The ones that were left went away 00:05:44.400 --> 00:05:46.770 align:middle line:90% to live if it would let them. 00:05:46.770 --> 00:05:49.533 align:middle line:84% They went as far as they could the lucky ones 00:05:49.533 --> 00:05:50.325 align:middle line:90% with their shadows. 00:05:50.325 --> 00:05:54.400 align:middle line:90% 00:05:54.400 --> 00:05:55.060 align:middle line:90% To make a-- 00:05:55.060 --> 00:05:56.910 align:middle line:90% [APPLAUSE] 00:05:56.910 --> 00:06:05.000 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