WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.780 align:middle line:90% 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:07.290 align:middle line:84% It seems to me as a Navajo man, I 00:00:07.290 --> 00:00:14.200 align:middle line:84% have always gained my strength from the stories 00:00:14.200 --> 00:00:15.025 align:middle line:90% of Navajo women. 00:00:15.025 --> 00:00:17.590 align:middle line:90% 00:00:17.590 --> 00:00:30.120 align:middle line:90% And I'm not really sure why. 00:00:30.120 --> 00:00:32.580 align:middle line:84% But most of the stories, I think, 00:00:32.580 --> 00:00:34.800 align:middle line:84% is because I come from a patriarchal society, 00:00:34.800 --> 00:00:40.950 align:middle line:90% where women have the power. 00:00:40.950 --> 00:00:44.040 align:middle line:84% As Lucy says, the smaller they are, the more power they got. 00:00:44.040 --> 00:00:47.062 align:middle line:90% 00:00:47.062 --> 00:00:47.895 align:middle line:90% I think that's true. 00:00:47.895 --> 00:00:51.075 align:middle line:90% 00:00:51.075 --> 00:00:51.575 align:middle line:90% So-- 00:00:51.575 --> 00:01:23.120 align:middle line:90% 00:01:23.120 --> 00:01:26.390 align:middle line:90% There's a story. 00:01:26.390 --> 00:01:28.730 align:middle line:84% I would like to tell the short story. 00:01:28.730 --> 00:01:36.190 align:middle line:90% 00:01:36.190 --> 00:01:40.480 align:middle line:84% And after that, I will read some poems in the computer. 00:01:40.480 --> 00:01:42.190 align:middle line:84% We don't have many trees up North. 00:01:42.190 --> 00:01:47.155 align:middle line:90% So I used my computer. 00:01:47.155 --> 00:01:50.170 align:middle line:90% 00:01:50.170 --> 00:01:53.980 align:middle line:84% These things are great, you know? 00:01:53.980 --> 00:01:56.740 align:middle line:90% When you're herding sheep. 00:01:56.740 --> 00:01:58.960 align:middle line:84% Sometimes I use them sitting on top of the hill. 00:01:58.960 --> 00:02:03.510 align:middle line:90% 00:02:03.510 --> 00:02:07.210 align:middle line:84% I always wanted to have my picture taken 00:02:07.210 --> 00:02:09.520 align:middle line:84% sitting until one of those rocks out there, 00:02:09.520 --> 00:02:11.770 align:middle line:84% maybe sand dunes with a big umbrella 00:02:11.770 --> 00:02:14.136 align:middle line:84% that's like an orange one from Princeton. 00:02:14.136 --> 00:02:17.470 align:middle line:90% 00:02:17.470 --> 00:02:23.440 align:middle line:84% And my computer, my cellular phone, and that's 00:02:23.440 --> 00:02:24.300 align:middle line:90% a modern Navajo. 00:02:24.300 --> 00:02:28.900 align:middle line:90% 00:02:28.900 --> 00:02:33.040 align:middle line:84% Well, anyway, the story goes that one time, this 00:02:33.040 --> 00:02:38.650 align:middle line:84% is one of the stories that kept me going in times of hardship. 00:02:38.650 --> 00:02:42.220 align:middle line:84% And the story is that I have a great grandmother, whose 00:02:42.220 --> 00:02:44.830 align:middle line:90% name was [NAVAJO]. 00:02:44.830 --> 00:02:46.490 align:middle line:84% And she used to do all types of thing. 00:02:46.490 --> 00:02:49.090 align:middle line:84% And one time, back when they were 00:02:49.090 --> 00:02:51.550 align:middle line:84% Mexican raiders in Navajo country, 00:02:51.550 --> 00:02:53.380 align:middle line:90% I guess she got caught. 00:02:53.380 --> 00:02:58.360 align:middle line:84% And there was a huge bonfire in the middle of the plain. 00:02:58.360 --> 00:03:01.890 align:middle line:84% And Navajo women and children, and even 00:03:01.890 --> 00:03:04.730 align:middle line:84% the men were sitting there, they didn't know what to do. 00:03:04.730 --> 00:03:08.560 align:middle line:84% So most of them were crying and gave up, 00:03:08.560 --> 00:03:13.670 align:middle line:84% and start talking about what life would be like as a slave, 00:03:13.670 --> 00:03:14.800 align:middle line:90% and so on. 00:03:14.800 --> 00:03:17.710 align:middle line:84% And suddenly, they heard the speaker, laughter. 00:03:17.710 --> 00:03:19.870 align:middle line:84% There's loud laughter coming and-- 00:03:19.870 --> 00:03:23.050 align:middle line:90% they said oh, [NAVAJO] 00:03:23.050 --> 00:03:26.170 align:middle line:84% And she came in and started cheering up the people. 00:03:26.170 --> 00:03:27.670 align:middle line:84% She said what's wrong with you guys? 00:03:27.670 --> 00:03:29.770 align:middle line:84% You know, we never get together like this. 00:03:29.770 --> 00:03:31.180 align:middle line:90% And let's have fun. 00:03:31.180 --> 00:03:33.100 align:middle line:84% Tell each other stories, update one another 00:03:33.100 --> 00:03:34.210 align:middle line:90% with the latest gossip. 00:03:34.210 --> 00:03:36.520 align:middle line:84% And look, you guys are boiling some stew. 00:03:36.520 --> 00:03:37.970 align:middle line:90% And this is wonderful, isn't it? 00:03:37.970 --> 00:03:39.430 align:middle line:90% And what a great time. 00:03:39.430 --> 00:03:41.720 align:middle line:90% So she did that. 00:03:41.720 --> 00:03:50.550 align:middle line:84% And then I guess after that, then she set out 00:03:50.550 --> 00:03:55.570 align:middle line:84% the bed-rollings, the bed for her captives-- 00:03:55.570 --> 00:03:59.320 align:middle line:90% for her captors, the Mexicans. 00:03:59.320 --> 00:04:02.230 align:middle line:84% And she would take off the saddles, brushed the horses, 00:04:02.230 --> 00:04:06.100 align:middle line:84% and run around with a blanket, and gather grass, and bring it 00:04:06.100 --> 00:04:07.690 align:middle line:90% in to feed the horses. 00:04:07.690 --> 00:04:11.470 align:middle line:84% And then she would run to the nearest water place, bringing 00:04:11.470 --> 00:04:13.720 align:middle line:90% jugs and water, and so on. 00:04:13.720 --> 00:04:15.670 align:middle line:84% And so she was really good to her captors, 00:04:15.670 --> 00:04:18.490 align:middle line:84% and cooked for them, and always teasing them. 00:04:18.490 --> 00:04:19.640 align:middle line:90% Here, I've cooked for you. 00:04:19.640 --> 00:04:21.399 align:middle line:84% Eat some more, you're getting skinny. 00:04:21.399 --> 00:04:24.430 align:middle line:84% Eat some more, your wife probably won't recognize you, 00:04:24.430 --> 00:04:25.310 align:middle line:90% and all that. 00:04:25.310 --> 00:04:27.800 align:middle line:84% And she was having such a wonderful time. 00:04:27.800 --> 00:04:31.820 align:middle line:84% And the people, the rest of the people thought she was crazy. 00:04:31.820 --> 00:04:33.310 align:middle line:90% Perhaps, she was. 00:04:33.310 --> 00:04:36.370 align:middle line:90% But she was having fun. 00:04:36.370 --> 00:04:38.560 align:middle line:90% And so she did this every day. 00:04:38.560 --> 00:04:41.350 align:middle line:84% And she traveled with them, telling them 00:04:41.350 --> 00:04:42.700 align:middle line:90% this is where we need to camp. 00:04:42.700 --> 00:04:46.030 align:middle line:84% Because if we camp over there, the enemies will get you. 00:04:46.030 --> 00:04:46.870 align:middle line:90% We camp over here. 00:04:46.870 --> 00:04:48.920 align:middle line:84% We'll be camping near water, and so on. 00:04:48.920 --> 00:04:50.350 align:middle line:84% And she kept doing that until she 00:04:50.350 --> 00:04:52.390 align:middle line:90% came to the valley of Chinle. 00:04:52.390 --> 00:04:55.480 align:middle line:84% There was a place called the valley store. 00:04:55.480 --> 00:04:56.300 align:middle line:90% Just west of there. 00:04:56.300 --> 00:05:00.280 align:middle line:84% There's this huge red bluff and you can hardly go up. 00:05:00.280 --> 00:05:01.420 align:middle line:90% It's very hard to go up. 00:05:01.420 --> 00:05:07.000 align:middle line:84% There's a sand, big giant sand stones there. 00:05:07.000 --> 00:05:08.260 align:middle line:90% They're almost like steps. 00:05:08.260 --> 00:05:14.020 align:middle line:84% And they say that it's even hard to get up there when on foot. 00:05:14.020 --> 00:05:16.150 align:middle line:84% So every morning, when she was doing this, 00:05:16.150 --> 00:05:20.508 align:middle line:84% she also told her captors, you can't ride horses 00:05:20.508 --> 00:05:21.550 align:middle line:90% while they're still cold. 00:05:21.550 --> 00:05:22.820 align:middle line:90% Let me warm them up for you. 00:05:22.820 --> 00:05:24.970 align:middle line:84% So she would saddle them, and test them, ride them, 00:05:24.970 --> 00:05:26.958 align:middle line:90% and warm them up. 00:05:26.958 --> 00:05:29.500 align:middle line:84% And so she just kept doing that until they got to that place. 00:05:29.500 --> 00:05:32.590 align:middle line:84% And that morning, she got on this one horse. 00:05:32.590 --> 00:05:34.630 align:middle line:90% And she did the same thing. 00:05:34.630 --> 00:05:36.280 align:middle line:84% But suddenly, she took off the west 00:05:36.280 --> 00:05:39.802 align:middle line:84% and let out this big loud scream. 00:05:39.802 --> 00:05:42.010 align:middle line:84% It was the kind of scream that challenged her captors 00:05:42.010 --> 00:05:44.080 align:middle line:84% and said come and get me if you can. 00:05:44.080 --> 00:05:48.790 align:middle line:84% And so they knew she was escaping. 00:05:48.790 --> 00:05:50.800 align:middle line:90% So they took off after her. 00:05:50.800 --> 00:05:55.060 align:middle line:84% And she went straight for this cliff that I was talking about. 00:05:55.060 --> 00:05:57.850 align:middle line:84% And as she was going up, supposedly, she 00:05:57.850 --> 00:06:00.760 align:middle line:90% had missed a step to be killed. 00:06:00.760 --> 00:06:03.790 align:middle line:90% [SPEAKING NAVAJO] 00:06:03.790 --> 00:06:07.150 align:middle line:84% And of course, the horse didn't miss a step. 00:06:07.150 --> 00:06:08.410 align:middle line:90% It went over the cliff. 00:06:08.410 --> 00:06:10.840 align:middle line:84% And I don't know who was listening 00:06:10.840 --> 00:06:13.550 align:middle line:90% to her when she said that. 00:06:13.550 --> 00:06:15.310 align:middle line:84% Then she escaped to Black Mesa, where 00:06:15.310 --> 00:06:21.760 align:middle line:84% she killed the horse that she escaped on, and start 00:06:21.760 --> 00:06:23.230 align:middle line:84% butchering it, and start screaming 00:06:23.230 --> 00:06:26.620 align:middle line:84% and says come on out, you cowards, you Navajos. 00:06:26.620 --> 00:06:29.500 align:middle line:84% Chicken Navajos, come and have a feast with me. 00:06:29.500 --> 00:06:31.810 align:middle line:84% And because she knew her relatives and other people 00:06:31.810 --> 00:06:34.160 align:middle line:84% were hiding, and they looked around 00:06:34.160 --> 00:06:36.700 align:middle line:84% where they found no one following her. 00:06:36.700 --> 00:06:37.450 align:middle line:90% They came out. 00:06:37.450 --> 00:06:42.160 align:middle line:84% And they butchered the horse and then boiled that and ate that 00:06:42.160 --> 00:06:42.985 align:middle line:90% and had a feast. 00:06:42.985 --> 00:06:47.410 align:middle line:84% And I guess she told them the story, what she did in-- 00:06:47.410 --> 00:06:51.730 align:middle line:84% while she was planning her escape. 00:06:51.730 --> 00:06:57.130 align:middle line:84% I always remember that story because that tells me 00:06:57.130 --> 00:07:02.020 align:middle line:84% that this Navajo woman knew her country so well. 00:07:02.020 --> 00:07:04.390 align:middle line:84% And she also knew horses because every time, 00:07:04.390 --> 00:07:06.070 align:middle line:84% she rode out those horses every morning, 00:07:06.070 --> 00:07:09.730 align:middle line:84% she found the toughest, fastest, and most sure 00:07:09.730 --> 00:07:11.830 align:middle line:90% footed horse she could find. 00:07:11.830 --> 00:07:14.320 align:middle line:84% And that's the horse she escaped on. 00:07:14.320 --> 00:07:18.710 align:middle line:84% So she knew that the Mexicans didn't have a chance. 00:07:18.710 --> 00:07:20.980 align:middle line:84% And so I always remember the story 00:07:20.980 --> 00:07:24.263 align:middle line:84% whenever I get into trouble or when-- no, 00:07:24.263 --> 00:07:25.705 align:middle line:90% does he get into trouble? 00:07:25.705 --> 00:07:27.220 align:middle line:90% No. 00:07:27.220 --> 00:07:29.660 align:middle line:84% When I find myself in a difficult situation, 00:07:29.660 --> 00:07:33.850 align:middle line:84% I would ask myself, what would [NAVAJO] do in the situation? 00:07:33.850 --> 00:07:35.140 align:middle line:90% What would her thoughts be? 00:07:35.140 --> 00:07:37.360 align:middle line:90% What would she be doing? 00:07:37.360 --> 00:07:39.940 align:middle line:84% And it's really interesting because every time 00:07:39.940 --> 00:07:42.520 align:middle line:84% I was asked that question, somehow her voice 00:07:42.520 --> 00:07:44.890 align:middle line:90% appears and says try this. 00:07:44.890 --> 00:07:46.240 align:middle line:90% Why don't you try this? 00:07:46.240 --> 00:07:47.560 align:middle line:90% Do this way. 00:07:47.560 --> 00:07:49.370 align:middle line:90% Come on, don't be too chicken. 00:07:49.370 --> 00:07:50.650 align:middle line:90% You know, dare. 00:07:50.650 --> 00:07:53.020 align:middle line:90% Take a little bit more risks. 00:07:53.020 --> 00:07:54.820 align:middle line:84% And so I've been doing that since then. 00:07:54.820 --> 00:07:59.800 align:middle line:90% 00:07:59.800 --> 00:08:03.980 align:middle line:84% So now, the women do control my life. 00:08:03.980 --> 00:08:07.450 align:middle line:84% Whether they're alive or from the past, or whether they're 00:08:07.450 --> 00:08:10.960 align:middle line:90% mythological figures. 00:08:10.960 --> 00:08:17.770 align:middle line:84% So I've always valued that story because it's a family story. 00:08:17.770 --> 00:08:26.500 align:middle line:84% And we pass it on to our children. 00:08:26.500 --> 00:08:27.000 align:middle line:90%